A origem do mal como ruptura da lei natural nas leis de Platão

Abstract

The main scope of this research is to verify the Platonic argument about the existence of a divine soul presented in the Laws, Book X, which governs the entire universe, as well as its relation to the human intellect. The work seeks to argue about the existence of a natural law prior to positive human laws and what are the consequences of the non respect of natural law by humans in their legitimate activity. It is based on the hypothesis that the origin of evil occurs in the rupture of the relationship between human laws and natural law. To reach this purpose, the present work will show as Plato, in the Laws, defends the existence of a divine logos (887c-899d) presenting the arguments of the soul as the first cause (896a6-8), of movement and self-movement (895b1), as well as the logical precedence of the soul over the body (893b), and the Plato‟s hypothesis about the evil soul and it‟s cosmic effects.