Associação entre autopercepção da mastigação, comportamento mastigatório e presença de sintomas gastrointestinais em candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Adequacy in masticatory pattern is necessary not only due to the impact on digestion, but also in relation to weight loss, the main goal of candidates for bariatric surgery. Considering the impact of incorrect chewing on the presence of digestive symptoms in these patients, in addition to the lack of research on this topic, this study aims to test the association between self-perception of chewing, chewing behavior and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in pre- bariatric surgery operative. Method: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, developed in a public hospital in Belém/PA, a reference in bariatric surgery. Sixty adult candidates for bariatric surgery, of both genders, were evaluated, and chewing behavior was evaluated by the speech therapist researcher, followed by the application of a self-perception questionnaire about chewing and a questionnaire with clinical,gastrointestinal symptoms, and sociodemographic information. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program, v. 26, considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Most participants were female (96.7%), with high school education (43.3%) and income between 1 to 3 minimum wages (56.7%). Participants had a predominantly unilateral chewing pattern (32; 91.6%), fast chewing rhythm 44 (73.3%), rotating mandibular movements 35 (58.3%), large bolus placed in the mouth 48 (80%), need to drink liquids during meals 22 (36.7%) and 25 (41.7%) reported that chewing can cause some problem. It can be observed that many of these data obtained in the evaluation were not similar with the self-perception of these participants and the presence of unpleasant gastrointestinal symptoms after the. In addition, an association was found between realizing that chewing causes problems with chewing shortage (p=0.006), diarrhea (p=0.004), realizing that you never chew slowly (p=0.048), cutting food with your front teeth often (p=0.034) and frequently choking (p=0.035).Conclusion: Participants had a discrepant self-perception of chewing, despite reporting incorrect performance during chewing, yet not associated with incorrect chewing, the digestion process and gastrointestinal symptoms.