Mitigação e adaptação: estratégias de enfrentamento aos processos erosivos na ilha de Cotijuba-PA

Abstract

As a space of interaction between air, sea and land, coastal zones are environments susceptible to several modifications in their landscape, among them erosion, which despite being a natural phenomenon can cause several economic, financial and social damages. The object of study of this research is Cotijuba Island, located in the Estuarine Coastal Zone of Pará (ZCEP), which has undergone modifications resulting from coastal erosion that have put the local population at risk. The main objective of this work is to analyze and discuss the dynamics of erosive processes in the community of Pedra Branca, located on the Island of Cotijuba-PA and, at the end, to propose coping strategies that are in accordance with the local reality. For this, we chose to carry out field research to identify and georeference erosive features, as well as bibliographic research in order to understand the history of erosive phenomena, possible causes of erosion and the main impacts observed. For the field data survey a "Situation Characterization Sheet" was used, which helped to identify the erosive state in the study area. The primary data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires that aimed at identifying the socioeconomic profile of the interviewee and questions about the perception of environmental risk. The stretch of interest of this study is approximately 1.3 km from Pedra Branca beach to Vai-Quem-Quer beach, where 21 erosive features were identified. The population of the community of Pedra Branca is in a process of resilience where, even exposed to threats, the population resists, accommodates and adapts to the effects of coastal erosion. The technical product resulting from this work is a Technical Opinion that aims to subsidize the local population in the search for alternatives to the erosive processes occurring in the community of Pedra Branca, Ilha de Cotijuba-PA.