O FNO na região amazônica: processo decisório, socioeconomia e meio ambiente

Abstract

The dissertation analyzed the governance of the Northern Constitutional Financing Fund (FNO) and its impacts on the socioeconomic and environmental development of Brazil's Northern region. It explored the interaction between institutional actors such as the Banco da Amazônia (BASA), the Superintendence for the Development of the Amazon (SUDAM), and the Ministry of Integration and Regional Development (MIDR), and how this interaction influences the criteria for resource allocation. The research revealed that, despite the FNO's goal of reducing regional inequalities, its effectiveness is undermined by a lack of integrated management and coordination among public policies. This results in an uneven distribution of resources that favors economically dynamic areas while neglecting vulnerable populations. The absence of adequate mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating funded projects hampers the development of more effective public policies and highlights the insufficiency of environmental criteria in the allocation of resources. This shortcoming compromises the balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability, particularly in the Amazon. The governance of the FNO, marked by distributive conflicts among the various actors involved, often favors specific interests, leading to inequality in the distribution of resources. Methodologically, the research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, with a temporal focus on the period from 2007 to 2016. It examined the effects of FNO disbursements and institutional interactions, along with a spatial focus on the Northern states that received the most funding. The study concludes that it is necessary to rethink the governance of the FNO to make it a more effective tool. This includes promoting greater transparency, incorporating local communities, and improving monitoring and evaluation systems to ensure balanced, sustainable, and more equitable development in the region, taking into account its local socioeconomic and environmental specificities.