Análise dos fluxos turbulentos de CO2 e energia, associada a percepção dos serviços ecossistêmicos em um manguezal amazônico

Abstract

This interdisciplinary work proposal for the PhD in environmental sciences, in the field of physical climate research, investigated the turbulent flows of CO2 and energy in the mangrove forest at the Cuiarana experimental site, in the city of Salinópolis, Pará, under the influence of local atmospheric variability during the year 2015. Also, within this interdisciplinary perspective, the relationship between the local community and the forest surrounding the study area was also studied. In order to collect the turbulent data, a micrometeorological tower was installed in the mangrove, with high frequency sensors that collected the data of the atmospheric variables above the forest canopy. The meteorological data was collected from the UFRA tower, located 400m from the mangrove tower. For the social investigations, a case study was carried out based on the perception of the decision-makers, who occupy leadership positions in several organizational structures in the city of Salinópolis and in the town of Cuiarana, on the perception of the ecosystem services generated by the ecosystem of mangrove. It was verified that in the Cuiarana mangrove, in the year 2015, under ENOS, there was a reduction of precipitation in the region where it rained only 63.7% of the expected climatological variable. As for the sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat flux in the mangrove, it was observed that the maximum values for both variables were recorded at 14h, with LE peak in the rainy season and H in the less rainy season. In the analysis of the seasonal CO2 flow, it was verified that the highest magnitudes of absorption occurred in the rainy season, with a peak of absorption at 13h with -13.56 μmol.m2, whereas in the less rainy period, absorption peak was recorded of CO2 at 13h with -8.95 μmol.m2. Regarding the perception of the local leadership within the ecosystem services generated by the mangrove, it was noted that the valuation of these goods and services was considered by the interviewees, where direct use services such as habitation, fishing, generation of work, and income are mentioned as fundamental factors for the well-being of the riverside population. It was noticed from accounts of the fishermen that the transmission of knowledge occurs generation to generation with the purpose of maintaining the traditional labor practices and conservation of the mangrove.