As mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra e o comportamento hidrológico da bacia do rio Capim

Abstract

The implications of changes in land use and land cover affect the hydrological behavior of river basins; In this context, the catchment area of the Capim River located in the northeast of the State of Pará is inserted. The objective of this study was to relate the flow behavior with changes in land use and land cover for the years 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2014. For this, land use and land cover data from the TerraClass project was used to identify the proportion of the classes in the basin and in the APPs; for the evaluation of the hydrological behavior the average monthly flow and the quarters of higher and lower flow were analyzed, besides the spatialization and the behavior of the precipitation in the period from 1983 to 2014. The results indicate a reduction in the forest class for the Capim river basin , and an increase in the pasture and agriculture classes, but in the APPs an increase of the forest class was identified in the period from 2004 to 2014. There was a high correlation, both for the uses and coverages of the whole basin and for only the APPs of the resources between the forest and pasture classes with the flows of the Capim river. The analysis of the basin landscape showed an increase in forest fragmentation, and the metrics with the highest correlation with the flow behavior were total forest edge (TE) metrics, pasture aggregation index (AI) and intercalation index, and juxtaposition (IJI) and AI of agriculture; indicating that the fragmentation of the forest cover of the basin and expansion of the areas destined to pasture has been reflected in the behavior of the flow.