Dinâmica do uso e da cobertura da terra das áreas queimadas no município de Marabá (PA)

Abstract

The disordered occupation of the Amazon, along with the increasing population caused by the National Integration Plan, in addition to the lack of new technology dissemination and management technologies affordable and less aggressive to the environment resulted in a natural forest suppression of approximately 25% of the Amazon´s total area. The fire, due to its economic viability and the local cultural freight, is one of the factors associated with this suppression and it is used until the present day, to forests conversion into agricultural areas and maintenance of previously established cultures. However, research associate the practice of using fire to negative effects on environmental, social and economic issues. Aware of this alarming scenario, the study sought from crossing hotspots (Burning and Fire Monitoring Project, INPE); Land Use and Land Cover Data (TerraClass Project, INPE and EMBRAPA); interviews and hospital data from the Brazilian National Health System (SUS), to identify the dynamics of fire use in the city of Marabá-PA, as well as its damage in 3 different types of land use: "Settlements"; "Protected Areas” and "Other Modalities". The results show that the hotspots of the 3 modalities are associated mainly to established pastures. The modality "Other Modalities" had the highest occurrence of hotspots in the municipality and the modality "Conservation Units" showed no recurring hotspots. In modality "Settlements" was, especially in recurrent areas great relationship with forest clearing to opening new pasture areas. The analysis of hospital data suggested a relationship between the occurrence of hotspots and the occurrence of hospital attendances.