Desenvolvimento sustentável da Região Bragantina – Pará – Brasil

Abstract

The activities developed in the environment have always aroused a double feeling, linked especially to the fact of developing some activity or to conserve the environment. Growing concerns about environmental issues coupled with the dissatisfaction generated by the current system have led to mobilizations in various sectors of society to discuss one of the greatest challenges of today's sustainable development. In order to do so, several meetings were held worldwide, from which came concepts, action plans and demands in search of tools that could make sustainability operational. In this sense, the applications of aggregated index indicators provide guidance, monitoring, evaluation and effective actions towards sustainable development. The present work aims to present and evaluate the Sustainable Development Index (IDS) of the Bragantina Region, through the tool Sustainability Panel - PS, the chosen indicators were based on sustainability indicators published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, IBGE, in the year of 2015. The analysis of the sustainability theme in the Bragantina Region occurred in three scales: the first considering all the municipalities of the Region, the second approaching the Bragança municipality in the years 1991, 2000 and 2010, both verified from the dimension environmental, social, economic and institutional environment according to the PS. The third approach dealt with the environmental perception of the users of the beach of Ajuruteua through the application of questionnaires. The IDS obtained by the PS method for the Bragantina Region, composition by thirteen municipalities, presented a worrying panorama, where only four municipalities obtained positive performances, highlighting the vulnerability of the institutional dimension within the system. For the municipality of Bragança the IDS obtained had a gradual evolution a satisfactory panorama. Through the environmental perception in Ajuruteua it was possible to have a better understanding of the socioeconomic profile of the visitors, the typological classification of the residues generated in the area, besides the reason for this increase and the suggestions to minimize this growth. Therefore, it was perceived that the functionality of the system is complex and the definitions and tools used to conceptualize and quantify sustainability should consider not general knowledge of the system, but rather the impacts generated by different activities in the most varied areas, -relationships of the system across dimensions, verifying their potentialities and vulnerability at different levels and over the years within the system.