Manejo comunitário de recursos comuns na Amazônia: uma análise sobre os acordos de pesca da região do Baixo Tocantins no estado do Pará

Abstract

This study aims to examine the reaction process fishery resources’ users of the Baixo Tocantins region, in the state of Pará-Brazil, an area located between two major projects in the Amazon: ALBRÁS/ALUNORTE e Tucuruí Power Plant which is related to the process of increasing scarcity landed in the region. Examines the strategies used by these resource users in confronting this problem, as the institutional arrangements known as fisheries agreements, an initiative by the users of the fishery resource in the region, that after several discussions and meetings with others involved in resource utilization, define usage rules, such as the prohibition of certain equipment regarded highly predatory, prohibition periods of catch for the renewal of stocks, banned sites to ensure reproduction of species, among other measures aimed at sustainable use of resources. Fisheries agreements have been recognized by government agencies, including the IBAMA - as a viable measure community management, mainly due to the involvement of direct users of resources, which help in monitoring the agreements, one of the main difficulties of the government due to large extent of areas of the region. The work was based on field research and interviews with the use of resources and user communities with members from government agencies, aiming to monitor the process of discussion and creation of fisheries agreements and to identify the main difficulties in its implementation, its main strengths and its potentiality. We analyzed reports of Eletronorte, fisheries statistics from various government agencies and fishing agreements mainly built by the community, with a sample of 18 of these documents, and minutes of community meetings that dealt with the attempt to ensure the rational and sustainable use of this important resource for region. The conclusion is that there is a process of increased fishing effort with indices of refraction of inventories recognized both by researchers and by national government and the fisheries agreements, which are based on the event "traditional" fishermen, are a measure of great potential to guide more rational attitudes by fishermen regarding the use of resources, but must be combined with other policy actions on a larger scale so that we can envision a reality of sustainable use of fishery resources in the region.