Efeitos do exercício físico sore parâmetros cognitivos e bioquímicos em ratos expostos ao etanol de forma intensa e episódica (Binge Drinking)

Abstract

The consumption pattern of heavy and episodic ethanol, weekend consumption, characterizes the pattern of excessive alcohol consumption or binge drinking that promotes an imbalance of brain metabolic functions, contributing to neurodegeneration and cerebral dysfunction. And because it is a legal drug, it has global relevance in public and social health. In this way, we aimed to investigate the effects of physical training of moderate intensity, in treadmill, on the deleterious effects of ethanol on hippocampus functions related to memory and learning. For this, 80 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control group; Trained group (animals trained and treated with distilled water); Ethanol group (animals not trained and treated with doses of 3 g / kg / day of ethanol, 20% w / v); and ethanol + trained group (animals trained and exposed to ethanol). Physical exercise was performed on a treadmill for 5 days a week for 4 weeks and all doses of ethanol and distilled water were administered by intragastric gavage (three days a week) in four repeated cycles. After the experimental period, the animals were submitted to the task of object recognition and Morris aquatic labyrinth test, and after euthanasia, blood and hippocampus were collected to measure levels of antioxidant capacity equivalent to trolox (TEAC), content of reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrite and lipid peroxidation. (LPO). Our results showed that EtOH caused marked oxidative stress and mnemonic damage, and physical exercise promoted neuroprotective effects, including modulation of oxidative plasma biochemistry (by restoration of GSH levels) and hippocampus (reducing levels of LPO and increasing antioxidant parameters) and improving cognitive function. Therefore, physical exercise may be an important prophylactic and therapeutic tool to improve and even prevent the deleterious effects of ethanol on cognitive functions.