Impactos socioeconômicos nas estratégias de sobrevivência das famílias reassentadas pelo Programa de Saneamento da Bacia da Estrada Nova (PROMABEN)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic impacts on the lives of families resettled at the Residencial Antônio Vinagre by the Estrada Nova Basin Sanitation Program (PROMABEN), in the city of Belém-PA. The research was developed based on the dialectical method for the investigation of the phenomenon, having as methodological procedures: bibliographical survey, documentary and field research. The study is based on theoretical references on the production of the capitalist city and the inequality of appropriation of the urban land, processes that directly impact on the production of precarious housing for the fractions of the Brazilian working class that can not access the private housing market , given the price formation mechanisms of urbanized land. With this in mind, in the bibliographical survey, classical and contemporary authors discuss the logic of city production focusing on the process of removing precarious settlements in Brazil throughout the history of urban housing policy. The documentary research consists of the readings and analysis of PROMABEN documents, made available by the Municipality of Belém and the IDB, in order to verify the information about the urban intervention, as well as the new guidelines and / or technical norms for resettlement of families. For the data collection, the application of a structured form with the following variables was used: profile of the resident; work and income; housing situation; situation of public services; political participation and the perception of the resident. Field research, carried out in the second half of 2016, reached 52 (fifty-two) resettled residents for the Comandante Cabano Antônio Vinagre Residential Complex, corresponding to 49,52% of the total families resettled to the Residential until the date of the survey. The analyzes point to the precarious conditions of popular housing constituted in unhealthy and inadequate areas, such as slums, favelas, and, in the case of Belém, the lowlands, which historically are the targets of sanitary urbanistic experiences that prioritize the infrastructure space, to the detriment of the conditions of social reproduction of the families removed. Therefore, the results of this dissertation show that the resettlement of families to the Residencial Antônio Vinagre, carried out by PROMABEN, provoked the disarticulation of the residents' survival strategies. That is, resettlement did not alter the subaltern condition of the working dweller, because the production and use of the city directly corresponds to the social division of labor in space. Therefore, only the change of the place of residence of the workers does not change their survival condition as a working class, because the income conditions remain the same as in the previous area or even worse, and the residents are not able to use in the new residential space the survival strategies they used in precarious settlements, in this case in the lowlands.