Síntese e caracterização de óxidos de manganês: transformação de estruturas em camada para estruturas em túnel

Abstract

This work describes the preparation, characterization e application of manganese oxides with layer structure like - birnessite with alkaline ions interlayer Na+ e K+. These structures are made of the octahedron MnO6 shared by edges and/or corners as basic building block, with oxidation states +2, +3 e +4, giving vacancies in the structure and a resulting negative charge neutralized by interlayer cations. The methods already known in literature to synthesize birnessite were: reduction (K, Na-birnessite) and sol - gel (Kbirnessite). Later, this layer structures synthesized were applied to the attainment of structures in tunnel: manganite, K-hollandite, and todorokite. From the synthetic methods, the most practical and efficient for the preparation of layer structures were chosen for study with the idea of making these compounds accessible to those interested in studying their different aspects. Some modifications were introduced into the original synthesizing route in order to adapt it to the possibilities and necessities of laboratory of geosciences, UFPA, as well as to overcome the problems which appeared during the experimental work.