Fraseologismo no discurso político brasileiro: uma proposta de glossário, volumes 1 e 2

Abstract

This qualitative-quantitative research aims to produce a glossary, in print and electronic, of phraseologisms used in the Brazilian political discourse. In turn, the specific objectives consist in: describing the phraseologies that characterize Brazilian political discourse; identify patterns of recurrent syntagmatic combinatorics in the corpus e; check possible phraseological variants and. Phraseologisms, or phraseological units, are recurrent syntagmatic combinations (MEJRI, 1997, 2012), characterized, among other aspects, by its polilexicality, fixity, frequency, congruence and idiomaticity. In order to do so, a methodology guided by the general assumptions of Corpus Linguistics (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004) and its relationship with Phraseology (TAGNIN, 2005, 2011). The research was divided into five main stages, namely: i) review of the bibliography on the area in focus, particularly the phraseological researches developed in Brazil and France; ii) constitution and treatment of the corpus; (iii) selection of the reference corpus; (iv) procedures for analyzing results and; v) elaboration of the phraseology glossary. The 570 texts that make up the corpus come from blogs or websites of 4 (four) columnists who sign matters about politics in the periodicals Istoé, Época, Carta Capital and in the newspaper Folha de São Paulo, being chosen a columnist by periodical. The texts were published between january 2014 and december 2016. We used the software Words Smith Tools (SCOTT, 2008), which performs semiautomatic search in large corpora textual, and Lexique pro - version 3.6 (SIL, 2004-2012), to fill the phraseological form of each entry, resulting in the organization of the glossary, organization of the glossary, adopting microstructure formed by entry, grammatical category, definition, context, phraseological variant, reference and notes. As for the theoretical reference, the work was anchored in the French approach to Phraseology, especially in the perspective of Salah Mejri (1997, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2018). The glossary produced contains 438 entries, lemmatized and organized alphabetically by the first lexical unit of the sequence. The results demonstrate the predominance of phraseologisms of the general language to the detriment of specific phraseological units of political discourse, which is related to the fact that the corpus is not specialized, since the columnists are not technically political scientists, but journalists and commentators who deal with subjects of the area and are directed towards a general public of readers, largely formed also by non-specialists. In addition, politics, being of an interdisciplinary nature, produces a discourse that is constituted by the crossing of other domains, such as law, social sciences, linguistics, among others (DORNA, 1995, CHARAUDEAU, 2006). In any case, the phraseologisms play a peculiar role in this domain, serving to produce different effects of sense, particularly those of ironic and ambiguous character, present in the relations established by the interlocutors inserted in the ideological and political-partisan tensions that arise in moments of political and economic crisis.