O FNDE e os recursos públicos da educação básica, suas formas de controle e intervenção: o programa dinheiro direto na escola (PDDE) no Estado do Pará

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the financing of basic education in Brazil, highlighting the role of the National Fund for Education Development (FNDE) as a budget executor of public educational policies and their control mechanisms, with emphasis on the Direct Money in School Program (PDDE) , its pattern of delinquencies, its causes and effects between the years 2011 to 2016. In order to reach this objective, the role of FNDE in the financing of education throughout its institutional trajectory, its decentralization strategy of the resources transferred, its mechanisms of control in the viabilization of the financing policy of the educational programs and their effects related to the PDDE in the municipal education network. It is accepted that the control exercised by the body, the lack of training of school administrators and counselors, impacts on the delinquency of PDDE accounts, culminating in retention of basic education resources. In this research we intend to approach the historical-dialectical materialism in the categories totality, mediation and contradiction, because it is a theoretical, methodological and analytical approach capable of understanding the dynamics and transformations that occurred in Brazilian basic education in the period in question, although admitting its complexity. The categories of the object are decentralization, autonomy and control. The research locus is located in the municipality of Santo Antônio do Tauá because it presents a higher frequency of PDDE processes in the State of Pará. In addition to the collection of theses and dissertations with thematic content of interest, documentary analysis was also adopted. the processing of data on PDDE processes with public consultation in the Accountability Management System (SiGPC) regarding the recidivism of executing agencies and school councils in pending and defaulting cases. Based on the identification of school boards with recidivism in defaulted PDDE processes, a semi-structured interview was used with former school counselors (coordinators, managers, treasurers, members) and those in the Municipal Department of Education directly responsible for the issues of control of the PDDE accounts. The results show a differentiated situation in the municipality of Santo Antônio do Tauá in relation to delinquency in the PDDE, conditioned by the lack of technical / pedagogical training of the members of the school councils, by the incidence of temporary servants as members of the councils, by the interference of the municipal secretary of education in the school board, which hurt their autonomy as a collegiate body, and political conflict, with constant changes in municipal management, which paralyzed the normal flow of supporting documentation in the rendering of accounts, besides the systematic changes in the staff. Situations that penalized the municipality that did not receive PDDE resources for basic education since 2016.