Ilhas da zona costeira amazônica: relevância, desenvolvimento e isolamento geográfico

Abstract

Studies related to islands in the Amazon, whether of greater or lesser importance, are minimal, although more than 50% of the municipalities in the Amazon coastal zone-ZCA have a territorial area composed of islands. However, the islands face numerous barriers such as isolation, territorial development and management aspects. In this sense, the general objective of this work is to analyze the importance of islands in the Amazon coastal zone, and the relationship of development and geographic isolation on islands in the municipality of BelémPA. The methodological procedures involved two stages, the first encompassing (i) Analysis of the population of the ZCA municipalities (ii); Identification of the GDP of the municipalities in the coastal zone; (iii) classification of municipalities in the coastal zone that have islands in their territorial composition; (vi) Quantification of the total areas of islands in the ZCA and (v) Percentage of protected areas in island areas. The second stage consisted of a multicriterio analysis that determined the degree of isolation of the most relevant islands in the municipality of Belém-PA. The determination of the degree of isolation took into account two indicators: Accessibility and Connectivity and their respective variables. The data showed that in the ZCA, especially the islands, it has an expressive relevance in terms of economy, territorial area, and areas of environmental conservation. It was also found that the most isolated islands have been fed different conditions of autonomy and development. Islands with a lower degree of isolation have physical connections and intense connectivity, a way in which they reduce isolation. In such connections, the islands most prone to development are not those closest to the mainland, but those with the greatest service offerings.