Adaptações de agroecossistemas familiares às mudanças no contexto socioeconômico e ambiental no Município de Curralinho, Marajó, Pará

Abstract

Using the Framework for Evaluation Systems Natural Resources Management Incorporating Sustainability Indicators (MESMIS), a tool used to evaluate the sustainability in family agroecosystems based on the assumptions of systemic approach, this article aims to understand how family agroecosystems adapts to socioeconomic and environmental changes in the Municipality of Curralinho, Marajó, Pará. The locality presents changes in the relations of land tenure; increase in the valuation of non-timber forest products, specially the acai; larger amounts of financial resources for agricultural activities; and technological training courses with a perspective of the insertion of the agroextractivist into the formal market. With theoretical contribution, The MESMIS has been adapted to the local context. Thereby, were constructed ten indicators for sustainability evaluation of 19 family agroecosystems intentionally chosen considering access to policies of land tenure, such as agricultural credit; social compensation; participation in technological capabilities, as well as the author's knowledge about the reality of Boa Esperança community, locus of this research. In agreement with other studies in the Amazon the MESMIS presented different levels of sustainability in family agroecosystems. After a characterization of the family agroecosystems, it was possible to identify two distinct family logics linked to the production of acai: (i) a agroextractivist logic that maintains as a strong element the extraction, more dependent of natural resources and therefore presenting greater co-production, (ii) another agroextractivist logic with greater market integration, with more intensification of technical-productive elements. The different logics may be the reflection of the adaptation of the family agroecosystems to the current socioeconomic context and environment of the region. The logics of the extractive family production go through profound changes.