Metas parentais de socialização da emoção em Vilas agrícolas e pesqueiro extrativistas no norte do brasil.

Abstract

Based on the concept of socialization as a process of cultural transmission that involves the sharing of rules, values and parental beliefs, the present dissertation, based on the Ecocultural Model of Human Development, aimed to analyse and compare the participants’ emotion socialization goals and socialization strategies of emotion. 66 caregivers (mothers and fathers) participated of this research. They were from fishing-extractivist villages in the city of Bragança-PA, at the Mesoregion of the Northeast of Pará, and from agricultural villages in the city of Castanhal-PA, at the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belém. Data were collected using the Participant Identification Form (PIF), the Sociodemographic Data Form (SDDF) and the Emotion Socialization Goals Questionnaire (ESGQ). Firstly, the results referring to the fishingextractivist villages, an unprecedented context of investigation, were described and soon after, the data related to the comparison between the fishing-extractivist villages of Bragança and the agricultural villages of Castanhal were described. Initially, it was found that in the emotion socialization goals of the caretakers in fishing villages predominated evocations of the category 'automaximization' (63.64%), followed by those referring to the category 'emotionality' (19.83%). About the conditions for children's development, caregivers responded mostly to evocations referring to the category 'caregiver-centered' (37.70%). In relation to what caregivers believed it was possible for them to do about the characteristics aimed, the emotion strategies, evocations of the category 'educating/guiding' predominated (56.92%). In the comparison between the two research contexts, emotion socialization goals in the ‘automaximization’ category predominated in both and in the the application of the Chi-square Test of Independence showed a significant association (p = 0.0021) between this category and the researched contexts, with emphasis on the caregivers from the fishing and extractive villages of Bragança that showed a higher frequency of responses in this category than those of the agricultural villages of Castanhal. Answers represented by the 'caregiver-centered' category also predominated in the two research contexts, but with no significant difference from the central categories in the comparison between the two contexts, as suggested by the results obtained by the Chi-square Test of Independence and Fisher's Exact Test. As for the actions of the parents themselves so that the children have the targeted characteristics, the caregivers in the two contexts presented responses mostly referring to the category 'educate/advise', but with no significant association between this category and the contexts surveyed, according to the Chisquare Independence Test and Fisher's exact Test. These results suggest that caregivers socialize their children based on the construction of an autonomous-relational self, with a tendency to value autonomy in expressing emotions and making decisions related to them. In addition, it is also expected that the child prioritizes emotional expressions that contribute to the harmony of interpersonal relationships and emotional interdependence in relation to the family, which the literature has shown to be a characteristic usually present in contexts that experience a process of transition from rural for the urban, with modernization of its economic and social structures.