Dinâmica ribeirinha e a periferia na metrópole amazônica: subcentralidade urbana e representação social no distrito de Icoaraci em Belém/PA

Abstract

On the amazon context of the 1970s, the intensified migratory motion towards Belém was one of the elements that provided the urban decentralization to spaces futher away from the central area, causing, an urban shape marked by dispersion. With this, new spaces for settlements were being constituted in distant areas, especially towards Icoaraci, historical district of Belém. Such growth and consequent sprawl of the urban tissue, although it has been done in a discontinued way in the territory, presupposes the reinforcement, or even the creation of new spaces of consumption aimed at the meeting the growing daily demands of this population. It is understood that in the last decades, as all city of Belém, Icoaraci has gone through relevant transformations associated to the reproduction process of space and, most importantly, on the reconfiguration of its sub centrality. In this sense, the current work focused on studying the redefinition of Icoaraci’s sub centrality, on a way that the social agents producers of the space would obtain a singular focus. Therefore, a set of narratives from the subjects that constitutes the sub centrality of the district was covered, involving their memories, social-spatial experiences and apprehensions about the scope of their daily practices, providing a comprehension of the dynamics of sub centrality from of an investigative and theoretical-methodological differentiated conception. The research problem was based on the following question: how it does the redefinition of Icoaraci's sub centrality take place in the perspective of the practice and representations of social agents? In this sense, it sought to understand the redefinitions ocasionated on the sub centrality icoaraciense from the daily practices and the social representations of the agents, including discussions about the historic formation of the sub centrality of the district and their two sub centers; the daily practices of the agents involved on the redefinition of their sub centrality and the social representations built that made it possible to analyze this redefinition. With an approach of qualitative nature, the type of investigation developed was the field study (GIL, 2012), dialoguing with the social representation methodology with the intention of develop a research guided on the perspective of the social subjects and from interdisciplinary coverage. The methodological procedures are strutted on five steps: bibliographic research, documental research, complete observation on field, realization of open interviews and semi structures and elaboration of cartographic contents. It is considered that on the context of Belém’s metropolization the local reality presents on a complex mode, because in the two sub centers stands out dynamics towards to reinforcements of the sub centrality of the district due to the activities and logics that involves, however it is been registered the occurrence of an intensification of search for new areas and consumption shape due to the installation of commercials equipments, especially, large wholesale networks and Shopping Center on the axis of the Augusto Montenegro Avenue. Following the theoric perspective of social representation it is believed that this spatial redefinition is product of the cognition process of the subjects and the intercommunicative relationship between then and with the space that guides their daily practices.