Caracterização do perfil epidemiológico da doença de Chagas aguda no estado do Pará

Abstract

Chagas disease was discovered in 1909 by Carlos Chagas when he observed blood samples from a symptomatic child, who had come into contact with the “barbeiro” vector, and in these samples there was the presence of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. This disease can be transmitted in several ways, however the most common are vectorial and orally. In this scenario, it was reported in Latin America that approximately 6 million people contracted the disease, where 14,000 people die each year from Chagas disease; the state of Pará plays a central role in this number of cases, as between 2010 and 2018 76.8% of the cases reported in Brazil occurred in this region. This work is of a quantitative-qualitative nature, presenting data related to acute Chagas disease (ACD) in the state of Pará between the years 2008 to 2018. Data regarding the occurrence of ACD from the SINAN platform and the treatment were used. of this data was performed by the software Excel 2019 and Q-Gis v.3.16.6, for the elaboration of a historical-temporal series and a heat map in order to present the situation of the state of Pará, in addition to verifying the relationship between the disease and the variable Human Development Index (HDI). When analyzing the results, it was noticeable that the occurrence of this disease in the state is different from the national average (2048 reported cases), since the number of cases in Pará was one hundred times greater than in the rest of Brazil, with an increasing trend, and if It occurs mainly through oral transmission (77.69% of cases), which can be explained by the cultural consumption of fresh açaí pulp. Another important result was the inversely proportional relationship between the incidence of ACD and the HDI of the municipalities.