A integração camponesa ao monocultivo de dendê: subordinação e transformação do campesinato amazônico

Abstract

The process of peasant integration to monoculture of oil palm is formed by asymmetric social and economic relationships that cause the peasant subordination to capital, the indebtedness of households trend to contribute to the specialization of production in this social group. These factors together account for socioeconomic transformations in Amazon peasantry, which in this context seeks different ways to restore and ensure their social and cultura\l reproduction minimizing the effects of this subordination. This work aims to study the case of peasant integration to monoculture of palm from Agropalma company, in the Baixo Tocantins region, in Moju and Tailândia- Pará, having a look on: 1. the socio-spatial transformations when we will examine the expropriation of land and the recovery of the peasantry; 2. the subordination and the indebtedness of peasant families to the company through the analyzes of the social relationship agreement and its economic implementation in peasant life; 3. The agricultural specialization and the peasant recovery through the analyzes of the agricultural calendars of palm in its different phases of the cycle of production coupled with the analysis of the agricultural calendar of traditional peasant culture. These analyzes reveal the trend of agricultural specialization of farmers and that the agricultural calendars from different crops doesn’t hinder the maintenance of traditional farming, but the overwork-force required for implementation and management of palm monocultures does. In addition, the study reveals that the requirement of labor force changes according to the monoculture life cycle, which encourages peasant families to reorganize their traditional units of production and the peasant family economy, creating new forms of social reproduction.