Bioidentidades e biossociabilidades: biopoder, regularidade discursiva e subjetivações no ensino de biologia

Abstract

In general terms, this research sought to analyze the discursive formations, the statements referring to molecular biotechnologies, as a knowledge-power, admitting as a hypothesis the premise that these knowledges, legitimized by science, operate as biopolitical devices capable of subjectifying the subject and contribute to the constitution of bioidentities and biosociabilities. In the methodological aspect, I used Michel Foucault's writings as a guide, particularly those related to archeology and genealogy, and others who sought inspiration from him, such as the sociologist Nikolas Rose, the anthropologist Paul Rabinow and the philosophers Francisco Ortega and Peter Pál Perbart. Through the archaeological conception, I made use of concepts such as statements, discourses, discursive practices and within this field, I sought to identify and analyze the discursive regularity of statements related to molecular biotechnology, as well as the epistemic conditions that enabled the production of this knowledge. In Focault's genealogy, the discourse assumes a political character, as it is expressed as an instrument of power and in this field, circumscribed concepts such as knowledge-power, security device, biopower and modes of governability were presented throughout the thesis supporting my analysis. From a theoretical point of view, the research considers that the device of sex, admitted by Foucault, is being replaced by the device of the gene, a form of biopower that in contemporary times acts in the production of subjectivities. Having in the high school Biology books, period corresponding to the last PNLD (2018 to 2020), the enunciative materiality of the speeches, what I could observe from the analyzed statements was a direct relationship between the biotechnological speeches, as a knowledge-power, and the effects that these discourses carry in terms of the construction of bioidentities and biosociabilities. These constructions thus represent an identity production in which the subject, subjectivized by this knowledge-power, identifies himself from a biological construct and, as such, proposes a constant monitoring, under the logic of expert knowledge, of self-care and the search for the utopia of perfect health.