Dinâmica espaço-temporal dos manguezais do delta do rio Doce-ES durante 2010-2020, litoral sudeste brasileiro

Abstract

Mangroves are ecosystems present in a large part of the Brazilian coastal zone that are home to a wide diversity of organisms, as well as being true nurseries for several individuals of the fauna. The present study carried out a mapping of the remaining mangroves of the Doce river delta in the complete interval of one decade, using images compartmentalized in intervals of 5 years (2010, 2015 and 2020), along the tidal flats of the Mariricu river, coastal region of the city of São Mateus-ES. For this, the objectoriented classification methodology (GEOBIA) was used, which allowed the generation of high-resolution data, achieving excellent results, diagnosed by the global accuracy numbers and Kappa index, considering an average of 96.78% and 93.5%, respectively, besides low values of disagreement with an average of 3.22%. The change detection analysis showed alterations in the landscape over time, with 9% of the mangrove areas being extinct, 12% with areas of expansion and 79% of the unchanged areas, remaining preserved. Therefore, our mapping data are consistent with the data published by the State Institute for the Environment and Water Resources of the State of Espírito Santo (IEMA), as well as with scientific works that recorded areas of reduction and expansion for mangroves along the Brazilian coast, but mostly with large, preserved areas. With that, our results demonstrate great application of geotechnologies for coastal environmental analyzes with low cost and high response speed.