Caracterização da educação infantil no Brasil: um estudo a partir dos dados do censo da educação básica

Abstract

In the last years, the political and scientific field has shown preoccupations with the Basic Education, especially in the stage of Infantile Education. This research aims to characterize Infant Education in Brazil, based on data obtained through the Census of Basic Education (2019). It is a bibliographical research, of quantitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, that was used of collection in secondary documentary sources. All comparisons of the variables correspond to the period from 2014 to 2018, and indicate that there was an increase in enrollments in Early Childhood Education (5.3%) with the daycare offer. However, 4-year-olds are the third-lowest age group. The figures show that only 27% of municipal schools have a green area for their students and in the state (36.8%) and private (30.9%) networks. percentage is also low. Regarding the training of the professional of the education of small children, it is noticeable the increase, in the last 5 years, of professionals that have formation in higher level (69.3%), however when the State of Pará is visualized, the situation shows that nor half of the stipulated goal for the state was achieved. It is concluded, therefore, that the process to obtain improvements in this stage is in progress, being necessary the monitoring of the political investments in the different aspects of Early Childhood Education.