Desmatamento em territórios tradicionalmente ocupados: disputas, conflitos e significados do reflorestamento e da restauração florestal no Bico do Papagaio Tocantinense

Abstract

Traditional communities and Indigenous Peoples living in transition areas between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes are suffering pressure from the spread of forestry monocultures over their territories. The present work aims to understand the perception of indigenous people from Aldeia Cocalinho, in the Apinayé Indigenous Land, in Tocantins, and the Community of Quebradeiras de Coco Babaçu Sete Barracas, also in Tocantins, about reforestation activities based on projects developed in the region do Bico do Papagaio (TO), in the municipalities of São Bento do Tocantins and São Miguel, respectively by the companies Suzano and Nobleinvest. The research proposes to observe the reforestation projects of forestry companies in perspective of the traditional agricultural practices of these two communities, in order to highlight the contradictions of the corporate reforestation model, predominant in the Bico do Papagaio region. The approach of this research is qualitative, with ethnography and semistructured interviews. The thesis defended is that the forestry companies Suzano and Nobleinvest caused and still cause accumulation through spoliation, especially through deforestation in areas appropriated or acquired for eucalyptus and teak monocultures. As part of the consolidation of these companies over collective territories, there is a justification for carrying out reforestation activities, which create a new mechanism for expropriation of ways and means of life in Aldeia Cocalinho and the Sete Barracas Community.