Partidas e paradas em usinas hidrelétricas: atendimento ao ONS e custos operacionais

Abstract

Hydroelectric plants (UHEs) connected to the National Interconnected System (SIN) have their operation under the rules of the National System Operator (ONS), which generate operational conditions that are often not suitable for the generating units, whether due to low efficiency or limit conditions. operation that affect maintenance, such as wear and cavitation. This work investigates the short-term dispatch process, a one-day horizon, for a large hydroelectric plant that is part of the national interconnected system (SIN). The Tucuruí hydroelectric plant was used as a base and case study, where data on generation, hydrology and the number of starts and stops of the installation were mapped, as well as the influence on costs associated with the number of intervention requests. A strategy is proposed to minimize the number of starts and stops, using the change of operating points of the generating units on the hill curve, observing the drop height, power and yield points possible to meet the system demand, without having to the need for successive starts and stops. The result of this investigation, for the year analyzed, obtained a reduction, for one operating day (24h), of around 26% in changes in status (starting and stopping) of the generating units, proving that it is possible to make adjustments at the points of operation of generating units, within the limits permitted by operational restrictions, with a focus on reducing starts and stops.