Avaliação da eficiência operacional de terminais hidroviários de passageiros aplicando análise envoltória de dados: um estudo de caso na região de integração do baixo amazonas

Abstract

National port development is directly related to the efficiency of the international commercial links that the country establishes, as well as to international commercial relations, which depends on the capacity to use the existing waterway network in the national territory, the use of which is currently resumed at 30% of its waterway potential. Therefore, in recent years, investments have been made in the area of river transport, focusing on states with the highest concentration of rivers. As river ports begin to gain strength in favor of logistical dynamization, there is a need to evaluate their efficiency to investigate the relationship between criteria such as location, berthing capacity, waterway flow. Based on this, this research aims to analyze the efficiency of 10 Waterway Terminals in the Lower Amazon region, opened between 2021 and 2022, for which Data Envelopment Analysis was applied (DEA). Variations in results for the terminals considered will be elucidated, making it possible to evaluate port efficiency using a method and relate how it is capable of meeting logistical demands and river traffic in the region, but also to investigate the different results obtained and how these are relate to the characteristics of the terminals in question. We also sought to demonstrate the importance of studies like this to understand the impact caused by waterway terminals, going beyond the economic scope and influencing the growth of regions by providing quality connections between municipalities that primarily depend on river transport, mainly in cities hub such as the municipality of Santarém. Finally, it was identified that four of the ten waterway terminals analyzed are operating at maximum efficiency. These terminals have demonstrated the ability to effectively convert their resources.