Dinâmica da cobertura florestal a partir de análises realizadas em áreas de extração seletiva de madeira no Estado do Pará

Abstract

The selective logging in the Amazon region is an activity that holds relevance in social, economic, and environmental aspects. In many cases, this is considered a low environmental impact activity in the forests when compared to deforestation. This research assessed canopy opening in selectively logged areas in Eastern Amazon over different years with reduced impact. Detailed monitoring was conducted in these areas using both hemispherical images and orbital images to evaluate the persistence of impacts over time. Hemispherical photographs were used to measure canopy opening and provide a high-resolution assessment of the logged areas. This study also utilized images obtained from Landsat, Sentinel, and Planet satellites. Spectral Mixture Analysis and enhancement techniques were applied to these orbital images to detect canopy opening impacts caused by selective logging. Hemispherical images revealed that even 17 years after the logging activities ceased, the impacts caused by selective logging were still discernible. Meanwhile, orbital images allowed for the identification of logging at different time intervals depending on their respective resolutions. From the results, this study highlights the importance of the combined use of hemispherical and satellite images to monitor the effects of selective logging over time in the Amazon. This enables a more comprehensive understanding of forest dynamics, the persistence of impacts, and the importance of continuous monitoring in logged areas to assess long-term effects and adopt sustainable management strategies.