Proposição de um software para monitoramento do desempenho da sustentabilidade em municípios paraenses

Abstract

Brazil is being demanded and challenged to improve its control and efficiency over environmental and social projects. In 2023, the UN confirmed that COP-30, scheduled for 2025, will be hosted in Belém-PA, attracting the attention of several heads of state to the Amazon, a region entangled in geopolitical and ideological discourses. To meet global expectations, local authorities will need to show that biodiversity is a wealth of life and ways of life. To achieve this, it will be necessary to identify and mitigate the challenges highlighted in the goals of the 2030 Agenda, above all, harmonizing the interests present in meeting the goals with local reality and expectations, as currently even Public Policies (PP) implemented at national level still cannot have the effective adhesion of local agents, thus hindering its effectiveness. In this sense, we understand that indicators are important instruments for planning and evaluating PP, in the context of Sustainable Development, these indicators are more complex because they deal with issues that go beyond the notion of locality and temporality, as social and environmental events cannot be measured. and treated as economic or organizational metrics. Therefore, a good sustainability indicator needs to be easy to implement, understand and incorporate into PP projects. In this context, the Sustainability Barometer (BS) is a very useful and versatile holistic indicator of sustainability, also being an indicator already applied in several studies conducted in the State of Pará and predominating in studies applied to settlements, companies, municipalities, etc. Furthermore, the BS has a pedagogical advantage, as it easily communicates the situation, being easy to interpret and analyze. For these reasons, the BS was implemented in software to serve as a tool in the process of generating sustainability levels by municipality and region. Finally, in this work an investigation was conducted that allowed the BS method to be applied in an automated way to the 144 municipalities in Pará. In the application, several variables from the environmental, economic and social dimensions were used, allowing us to determine that the State and its regions present an Intermediate level of sustainability, with the economic dimension being the most vulnerable. We also identified that the municipalities of Belém and Parauapebas presented the best performances, while Viseu and Cachoeira do Piriá presented the worst. The panorama demonstrates that the State needs to invest in PP instruments to improve urban planning, as population growth and the emergence of new unplanned housing areas lead to various human and environmental losses. On the other hand, urban growth ordered and guided by public authorities minimizes the number of sub-housings and eradicates social problems by improving access for the most vulnerable populations to goods and services, guaranteeing human and ecosystem well-being.