Dissertações em Antropologia (Mestrado) - PPGA/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4032

O Mestrado em Antropologia está inserido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia (PPGA), da Universidade Federal do Pará. É um curso ministrado sobre a responsabilidade do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da UFPA.

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Da seringa à farinhada: produção e modo de vida na Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Vale do Juruá – Acre
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-27) SOUSA, Tatiane Silva; O’DWYER, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
This work has as its objective to observe the dynamics of social relations networks in order to verify how people and groups build strategies to ensure the reproduction of their social, cultural and economic practices in communities localized in Extractive Reserve (RESEX) Riozinho da Liberdade, Alto Juruá, Acre. For such, I use the concept of social networks as method strategy and techniques such as observant participation in the communities Morro da Pedra and periquito. Photos, interviews, genealogies and keeping a field notebook were also techniques used. I initially address the historical and social intricacies that culminated in the formation of the Vale do Juruá’s rubber tapper settlements in the Juruá Valley, Acre, based on a brief historical overview of events that range from the first rubber cycle with the establishment of the rubber plantation (1870-1912), until its collapse, when there was an end to protectionist rubber policies and the advance of the border in the Acre Amazon at the end of the 20th century, a moment in which the political and economic interests of the Brazilian State towards the Amazon changed, which started to encourage its colonization and finance infrastructure projects that have come to threaten the way of life of people from traditional communities, a situation that has led to a series of local conflicts in Acre. At this time, the rubber tappers' social movement emerged as a form of resistance, which was initially organized and represented by the Rural Workers' Union (STR). Union stations in rubber tapper settlements, as well as Rubber Tapper’s National Council (CNS) and local associations, were founded during this time, which came to enhance their struggle. The rubber tapper’s social movement established alliances with indigenous peoples, the environmental movement, international organisms and other institutions, pressuring the Brazilian State to recognize their social and territorial rights to put an end to the system of trading outposts managed by landlords (barracões) and to create the RESEXs. At RESEX Riozinho da Liberdade, created in 2005 after another decade of struggle, the end of the extractive activity as the main source of income brought with it a period of changes. The rubber tappers began to dedicate themselves to agriculture, cultivating mainly manioc flour. Families migrate from settlements in the interior of the forest (colocações) and gather on the banks of the Riozinho da Liberdade, where public institutions began to operate in the 1990s, influencing the formation of communities that exist today on the banks of the river. It is observed that between the period of colocações and now there are structural continuities in the way in which domestic groups build their exchange and kinship relationships. Until today relationships of asymmetric trading (aviamento) occurs, but the immobilization of labor as was previously the case in the rubber plantations no longer occurs. The creation of RESEX assured territorial rights, but not new sources of income based on extractivism, which has been worked on by new associations, albeit in an incipient form. Local networks based on kinship, reciprocity, supply and assistance are important to guarantee production, marketing, food and assistance in times of difficulty. In this way, guaranteeing security, social and economic stability to domestic groups.
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Educação escolar indígena no Oiapoque/AP: práticas pedagógicas em escola do povo Karipuna
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-24) SANTOS, Karina dos; SANTOS , Júlia Otero dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8964630349505642
This study presents an approach to the policies and practices of school education among the Karipuna people in the Indigenous territories located in the municipality of Oiapoque-AP. The emphasis is on highlighting the role of the Karipuna Indigenous people in organizing educational policies and projects from the school as a tool of domination and assimilation to the school as a space for cultural empowerment and an integral part of the community’s educational system and life plan both within and beyond the territory. It includes a brief overview of the historical introduction of school education among the Karipuna, their collective struggles and advocacy for new meanings and transformations in schooling to better serve the people’s lives, with focus on major demands, challenges, and contradictions in implementing what is guaranteed by specific Indigenous education legislation. Initially a colonial tool for erasing ancestral cultures, the school has now also become a space for affirming and valuing the people's cultural and linguistic diversity. One of the objectives was to examine the policies, actions, and schooling models currently being practiced in Indigenous schools. The study explored some pedagogical practices by Karipuna teachers, observing how Indigenous knowledge and practices engage in dialogue with formal education, as well as how differentiated and intercultural processes contribute to building school curricula grounded in the community’s reality, experiences, and way of life.
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Ecos de um Theatro Assombrado : um estudo de caso sobre as relações entre materialidade, visagens e o Theatro da Paz, Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-30) BARBOSA, Gabriel Rodrigues; MATOS, Beatriz de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5130782589745088
This dissertation, structured in three acts, explores the relationships between materiality and visages in the amazonian imaginary. It delves into the topic through the case study of the narratives shared by the workers of the Theatro da Paz, located in Praça da República, Belém, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The Act I: Amazonian Visages aims to conceptualize the word Visage throughout a discussion about the territorialization of the environment into the imaginary, which influences the spatial and social distances observed between Saints, Visages and Enchanted. Those distances are themselves intertwined with the social-spatial categories of Center, Margin and Deep. The Act II: Theaters focuses on the History of Theatro da Paz to explore the social role that theaters played in Amazonian colonization strategies and the economical, social, and environmental changes incurred in Belém throughout the second half of the XIX century. Those factors are partially responsible for the physical traits currently embodied by the Theatro da Paz. Finally, Act III: Senses and Things brings together these discussions to answers questions about the role visages have between the workers’ relationship with the Theatro da Paz; of impacts of physical characteristics and operational hours in the emergence of visages; the role of ordinary material things in narratives about visages; and how these aspects entangle themselves into mastery-type relationships that strengthen social bonds between all involved subjects.
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Piucquid nibëdec: el dinero entre los Matsés de Buenas Lomas Antigua, Amazonía peruana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-01-29) DËSI, Roldán Dunú Tumi; MATOS, Beatriz de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5130782589745088
This study is based on ethnographic fieldwork inspired by what the Tukano anthropologist João Rezende and Ana Damásio call “ethnography at home.” It was conducted between February and May 2024 in the Buenas Lomas Antigua annex of the Matsés people of Peru, to which I belong. The general objective is to understand the social environment and the multiple meanings behind the Matsés expression: piucquid nibëdec/ “there is no money.” My intention is to analyze how the Matsés people understand and use money from their own perspectives and experiences, starting from how money was introduced among the Matsés after contact in 1969 with the missionaries of the Summer Institute of Linguistics up to the current ways in which money, and the lack of money, through commodities and social programs, impact the lives of women and men of different generations.
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O potencial da cultura material na educação museal sobre formas de violência na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-04) OLIVEIRA, Nadison Gomes de; ALMEIDA, Marcia Bezerra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1085631337892211
The main objective of this work is to analyze and reflect on museum education possibilities through material culture on forms of violence for institutions in the Amazon region. In order to understand ways in which material culture can be used in Museum and/or Heritage Education activities aimed at social and political problems involving different forms of violence in the region, mainly against groups considered socially minority, involving ethnic-racial issues, of gender and sexualities. As goals to achieve this objective, I propose to understand the importance of material culture and the some possibilities in which they can become agents in educational practices in museums; map understandings of museums, museum education and violence in museums in the Amazon region, through reports by students of the Museology course at the Federal University of Pará and trained museologists who work or have worked in institutions in the region; and compare the reported practices with the notions of education present in heritage and museum charters, and also with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to understand whether these described actions, located in the Amazon region, are consistent with the guidelines aimed at maintaining of practices for the development of democracy and peace. With this, reflections on how memory and power are intrinsic elements of museums, proposals to educate about violence in a sensitive and engaged way through things and the possibility of thinking about an Amazonian Museology and a regional museum education arise.
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O papel dos estudos paleoetnobotânicos para a compreensão das relações humano-ambientais na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-14) GONÇALVES, José Antônio Bezerra; ALVES, Daiana Travassos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1052501030312328; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-3200
This research aimed to evaluate the contributions of paleotenobotanical research to the understanding of human-environmental relations in ancient Amazonia, through a Systematic Bibliographic Review of paleoethnobotanical data guided by the following questions: What is the incidence of paleoethnobotanical and archaeobotanical studies in archaeological research in the Amazon? How were human-environmental relations addressed in the studies found? And, were there traces of plants indicating human activities, such as palm trees? These questions that guide this work arise from problems seen in some of the results of the studies raised: there is still a reduced number of paleoethnobotanical/archaeobotanical studies compared to the archaeological scientific production in the Amazon, although they are growing and motivating new perspectives and questions; in addition, in the works that evidence human action in the Amazonian environment, some bring controversial and deterministic approaches that have generated great debates over time and research. The original societies modified the paleoenvironment in which they were inserted, even with its deterioration during the process of colonial and modern expansion with very harmful interventions and profound impacts, which contributed to the reduction of floristic variation. The methodology consisted of the (RBS “Roadmap”) Systematic Bibliographic Review. To this end, I used the theoretical-conceptual contribution of Historical Ecology, Long-Term Ecology and Long-Term Indigenous History, in addition to the anthropological/archaeological bibliography. From the reviewed archaeological studies, I brought theoretical and critical data and information, aiming to understand how these contributed to the discussions about human relations with the Amazonian environment and its transformations.
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O “pensamento concentrado”: concepções sobre saúde mental e bem viver na pajelança do povo Tembé/Tenetehar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-11) MOREIRA JÚNIOR, Carlos Sérgio de Brito; MATOS, Beatriz de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5130782589745088
This dissertation proposes an analysis of what we understand by mental health from the perception of the Tembé/Tenetehar people themselves, as well as their overlaps and forms of treatment of these conditions carried out by the pajelança and its many specialists. To this goal, a bibliographical survey will be carried out on the different forms that mental health can take among indigenous peoples, such as its overlaps with cosmology, dreams and shamanism, to allow comparison with the reality of the Tembé/Tenetehar people and their demands. When trying to translate our understanding of what mental health would be to the Amerindian reality, we encounter several barriers, with several attempts resulting in situations where Western forms of thought overlapped with indigenous ways of reflecting on the phenomenon. Amerindian societies perceive what we understand by mental health based on their own ontologies, cosmologies and ways of thinking. Thus, it is expected to contribute to knowledge on mental health among the Tembé/Tenetehar people and their demands so that their reflections are respected and taken into consideration in the analysis, addressing issues related to the topic from an anthropological perspective and trying to build bridges between indigenous forms and western medical concepts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade física dos Paleoamericanos de Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais: análise das propriedades geométricas da secção transversal de ossos longos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-07) DIAS, Bárbara Vieira; GLÓRIA, Pedro José Tótora da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9111647253588398; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-7826
The Lagoa Santa region has attracted the attention of many researchers around the world since the 19th century, especially regarding its extensive osteological collection. Since the research carried out by Peter Lund, the interest in aspects such as the health and lifestyle of the Lagoa Santa groups has been growing, resulting in analyses that have contributed to understanding the lives of some of the oldest Paleoamericans in South America. The aim of the present study is to analyze the cross-sectional properties of the femur and humerus of a skeletal sample of Paleoamericans from Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, and, from this analysis, infer the levels of physical activity of these hunter-gatherers. In total, the Lagoa Santa sample consists of 52 femurs and 44 humeri, all belonging to adult individuals. Computed tomography was used to obtain images of the internal structure of the bones, without causing any damage to the bones. The analyses were performed using the ImageJ program and generated data regarding the variables TA, CA, Ix, Iy, Imax, Imin, Zx, Zy, Zp and J. In addition, groups of hunter-gatherers and farmers from 11 world regions were selected to compose a comparative sample. The results demonstrated that Lagoa Santa presents a high activity of the lower limbs, similar to other hunter-gatherers, with the results for the upper limb decreasing high asymmetry and sexual dimorphism. Therefore, the physical activity patterns observed in Lagoa Santa are aligned with those of hunter-gatherers and show bone adaptations that reflect a physically active life, while the use of the upper limbs suggests a difference in the activities performed by male and female groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Antes tinha peixe e não tinha essas coisas, agora tem essas coisas e não tem peixe”: considerações sobre a atividade pesqueira artesanal na Vila dos Pescadores, Bragança – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-30) SILVA, Adriana Batista Cecim da; ALENCAR, Edna Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7555559649274791
The present study deals with the artisanal fishing activity carried out on the north Brazilian coast, by residents of Vila dos Pescadores, located in the Marine Extractive Reserve (RESEX Mar) of Caeté-Taperaçú, in the municipality of Bragança - Pará. The research aims to characterize this activity, identifying the types of fisheries, the target species and the impacts that threaten the productive capacity of fishermen and artisanal fisherwomen. For that, I tried to identify the main factors of change and the strategies of continuity of the activity, using as methodology the literature review and the field research with ethnographic techniques from semi-structured interviews with fishermen and public sector agents; collection of secondary data through literature review and documental research, and the use of photographic records of the community's daily activities, fishing work and rituals. Lúcia Helena Cunha (2013) mentions that traditional knowledge and modernity are in a complementary relationship, where both undergo changes and are re-signified. Such resignification is also pointed out by Marshall Sahlins (1997). Thus, the results indicate that the modernization of fishing technologies and the construction of Highway PA 458 are presented as the main factors of change, stimulating overfishing and overfishing that interfere, especially in fisheries carried out in the estuary and close to the beach. This set of factors influences the decrease in harvests, harms the use of traditional fishing technologies and affects sociocultural aspects of the group, such as the practice of sharing fish in the port, called kial, carried out by fishermen when they return from fishing - this fish, before intended only for food, it is now marketed as an alternative source of income. The analyzes indicate that the impacts on artisanal fishing can influence the circularity of ecological knowledge essential to the sustainability of this activity when young people move away from fishing and other people turn to extractive practices as subsistence strategies in order to guarantee food security for families. Some of these actions allow the continuity and resignification of local traditional knowledge that guide the ways of interacting with the environment, but others can negatively affect the mangrove ecosystem and local sociocultural practices. Furthermore, the creation of the Marine RESEX did not prevent predatory fishing and overfishing, due to the weak performance of the State in the implementation of an efficient fisheries management system that delimits the areas of activity of artisanal/commercial and semi-industrial fishing (sometimes operating in an unsustainable way in areas far from the coast using fishing net "apoitada" and/or trawl nets) and are in line with the interests of fishermen and artisanal fisherwomen in the community, based on a dialogic relationship.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pelos caminhos da cidade: experiência e percepção de paisagens em videoclipes na Amazônia contemporânea
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-22) COSTA, Victória Ester Tavares da; GONTIJO, Fabiano de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7539767705260462
Amazon has a history of diverse foreign imageations, which stigmatized it in simplified and exotic references. In this researh, I explore other landscapes of this region, those whose imaginary construction permeates the experiences and daily interactions that occur in it. The urban space becomes this few explored image of an area known for its fauna and flora. Artistic expressions, in turn, are a way to demonstrate perceptions and experiences of spaces, the music video does this through visuality and sonority, giving more elements that make it possible to (re)create imaginaries. Based on the particularities of this audiovisual genre and the choice of six music videos filmed on the streets of the city of Belém do Pará, I came to three groups of local interlocutors, whose I was able to dialogue about the daily life, experience and images of these spaces considering what is created and what is shown today about the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Keka Imawri: narrativas e códigos de Guerra entre os Palikur-Arukwayene
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-15) BATISTA, Ramiro Esdras Carneiro; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2113-043X
The dissertation is a historical-anthropological study about the Keka between the Palikur-Arukwayene people of the Urukauá river that demonstrates the constitution of the autonomous person among the peoples that compose the interethnic mosaic on the border of Oiapoque from an event considered bellicose, time in which it seeks to bring to light the indigenous version related to the historical occupation of the Guyanese region that was constituted for centuries as the Caribbean Amazon. Despite the Keka be translated as war by different indigenous interlocutors, the ethnographic quotidian shows that it is best translated as party or warrior competition, addressing principles and motivations for the ritual indigenous bellicosity preceding the European invasion and prevail in different ways, to the shame of the action and the impacts caused by the indigenism of the bordering national states.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Porto, água e vida: paisagem, sensorialidades e transformações de uma Zona Portuária Amazônica (Cidade Velha, Belém, Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-28) COSTA, Sabrina Campos; GODOY, Renata de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5173744417832044; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8138-8670
The Amazon region has a complex system of river sand waters. In the state capital of Pará, 14 river basins are connected by 85 channels. Residents of the riverside in Belém are considered urban waterfront residents, categorized as informal settlements in need of urban policies to acquire dignity and quality of life. In the city's management history, where 40% of residents live in lowland areas, their way of life is associatedwith crime, enduring environmental vulnerability, allegedly with no architectural significance or cultural value; in contrast, the State plans these places by the river for recreation, to tourism and contemplation consumptions. This research aims to demonstrate that the landscape is one significant way for human relationship with the world, as unraveling the study of the old portuary area of the Cidade Velha neighborhood, located around the Porto do Sal Market and Carmo Church, and its communities Beco do Carmo, Beiradão, Menino Jesus, Porto do Sal and Palmeira; memories and evidence of the Port Beiradão, Port São Jorge, Port of Sal, Port Paysandu, Port Vasconcelos, Port of Alan, Port Brilhante and Port Palmeira. Landscape that is built of manipulation sand transformations of the physical environment, through the experience of affection, memory and body experience, a personal and group identity that creates layers of archaeological record. The objective of this research was understanding forms of organization, adaptation and sociability in the old portuary area of the Cidade Velha, having as analytical focus the human material production and landscape transformations. The Port of Sal was registered as one of the oldest ports in Belém. Its history is linked to the colony's first shipyard, and its life to the interior products, factories and trades. Twice the Porto f Sal was intended to be Belém's main port, but it eventually declined with the opening of roads and over the years, over 1.000 families, with creativity and social technologies, became residents of the waterfront and the structures of its old ports, milestones of what I have called “beirabilidade”, which invite us to rethink its landscape, material culture, powers and intelligibilities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cultura, oralidade e língua Mẽbêngôkre sob o prisma de seus mitos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-16) FERREIRA, Dilma Costa; CAMARGO, Nayara da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4768996737873916
The present research sought to evidence in the myths Mẽbêngôkre, the intertwining between culture, language and orality, evoking themes such as memory, oral literature and history, through bibliographic research and approximation of the field carried out in some Mẽbêngôkre villages in southern Pará, specifically in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu. It was observed that the myths show, among others, historical and cultural aspects, when presenting the ways of life of the ancestors and their deeds, which provided the cultural formation of the Mẽbêngôkre, reflected today. The objective of this research was, through bibliographic survey, and participant observation, with data collection in the field, to dialogue with the existing data on Mẽbêngôkre myths, in order to understand the place of myth for these people. For the purposes that the present work proposes, four versions of a Mẽbêngôkre myth were compared, in order to provide a better understanding of the intertwining between myth, history and “culture”. The interlocutors of this study were eight people Mẽbêngôkre, among them, a woman. Being the versions of the myths presented here, narrated by three of these interlocutors. Research becomes relevant because it provides knowledge about the place of myths among the Mẽbêngôkre, reflecting on topics that permeate them, such as cultural formation, the importance of orality and memory and, as myth and history, they touch among amerindians. The present research sought to reflect the amerindian ways of life, based on the Mẽbêngôkre, in order to encourage the subversive character in the face of indigenous realities, in order to contribute significantly to them. The field incursion occurred through the research, initially of participant observation. The daily life of the indigenous peoples in their relations, between themselves and with the environment, were observed. The second moment consisted of field consolidation and data collection. The work is structured in four chapters and the theoretical basis was contributed by authors Louis-Jean Calvet (2002; 2011), Jack Goody (2012), Claude Lévi-Strauss (1991; 2018), Marshall Sahlins (1997), Viveiros de Castro (2017; 2018), Aryon Rodrigues (2000; 2001 and 2013) and others.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reflexões sobre construção de fronteiras sociais e étnicas: levantamentos etnográficos e estudos de caso no contexto regional do Baixo Amazonas, Santarém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-08-05) DEL ARCO, Diego Pérez Ojeda; O’Dwyer, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
Considering the distincts ethnic group identity processes carried out by social groups that guide their actions in favor of self-recognition as remaining quilombo communities in the Lower Amazon region, the general objective of this work is to analyze the production and reproduction of ethnicity based on the understanding that it does not stem from empirically observable cultural discontinuities. Aware of its variation, we highlight the complex relations between ethnicity and culture through an ethnography of the political processes of territorial recognition as a quilombo based on the situational analysis carried out in the quilombola community of Surubiu-Açú, whose community association was the last to become part of the Federation of the Quilombolas Organizations in Santarém (FOQS), and in Saracura quilombola community, one of the first communities to star to recognize themselves as quilombola in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Thus, taking into account different scales of analysis, we will emphasize the contexts of interaction where ethnic identity is manifested, whether in social interaction with other neighboring communities or with the State itself, in the claim of ethnic and territorial right. With this, the similarities present in the ways of making, creating and living observed between quilombolas and “riverside” communities, will be compared contrastively with the different processes of cultural distinctiveness. It is precisely through these processes that diacritical signals are chosen and become relevant both in intercommunity interaction and in the configuration of ethnic and political identities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A donde quiera que voy me acuerdo de la mata de moriche Prácticas de salud en la transitividad migratoria de indígenas warao en Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-10) MARTÍNEZ, Karla Pamela Reveles; SILVA, Hilton Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917171307194821; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-3522
The presence of indigenous Warao in the Venezuelan migratory flow in Brazil has generated controversies regarding health care for this group. The therapeutic trajectories of people in migratory transit show different nuances in health care during migration phases. This research identifies search factors and access to health care practices of Warao families in the city of Belém, Pará, in the north of Brazil. Research was conducted through participant observation in social assistance activities and in activities of the Consultório na Rua (“mobile medical services”), and through the narrated experiences of people who prefer to live outside the shelters. This work shows that the health care provided by the mobile medical services, therapy with Warao shamans (Wisiratu and Joarotu), therapy with ensalmists, self-medication (use of pharmaceutical drugs and home remedies), the preference for the home birth, the rejection of medical procedures, and the search for adequate food are practices that are part of Warao health care in their migratory transitivity in Belém. However, this work identifies that labor exclusion, lack of access to information and guidance from health services, little interaction of Warao migrants with health centers (Basic Health Units), among others, are factors that also intervene in under use of health services. Some recommendations are provided to redirect Warao access to the health services of the municipality. In addition, research highlighted that the permanence in Belém and the possible return to lands with extractivist processes are phases of the migratory trajectory that should continue to be discussed with respect to the irruption of the right to health as a common good for this indigenous people and their lives who were forced into displacement and marginalization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arquitetura disciplinar na Amazônia: o Educandário Dr. Nogueira de Faria – Ilha de Cotijuba
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-13) SEABRA, Amanda Carolina de Sousa; COSTA, Diogo Menezes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3938588690473816; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-8232
For more than 30 years, the island of Cotijuba (Belém - PA) has housed three different institutions (reformatory colony, school and prison) that had as their purpose the education and recovery of the individual to live in society. The architecture of this place is great and it draws attention whenever you arrive at this island. This research makes an initial historical survey of what contexts and motives this school was created in the early 1930s and what led to its closure in the late 1970s. From this, it seeks to understand how the architecture of all this construction was used as another form of control of the inmates and, also, to understand how the discipline materialized and was perpetuated for years in this architecture. To do this, we use the architecture archeology approach to reach the objectives, based on three methodologies in this area: spatial, gamma and alpha analysis. With this, it is possible to answer the main question, which is: how did the discipline materialize in the architecture of the educational Dr. Nogueira de Faria?
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Égua”, é a hora do intervalo na tv: marcadores sociais da diferença, consumidores/as e publicidade produzida em Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-18) OLIVEIRA, Robson Cardoso de; CANCELA, Cristina Donza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8393402118322730
This dissertation is "born" with a mission: to investigate on the receipt of social markers of the difference between the advertising consumers produced in the city of Belém, Pará, in order to observe how the categories of Gender and Sexuality are received and (re) signified at the moment we watch the interval time in TV. However, other social markers of difference as Class, Color/Race and Generation were added by consumers in conversations, and consequently were problematized in this study. In addition, discussions about advertising and consumption also gained prominence as a consequence of the very strength of the consumers’ speeches. As a result, I realized that social markers of difference were being operated in the narratives in an intersected (or articulated) mode, among these, the most active in this tangency were the Gender, Color/Race and Class categories, comprised by speeches as: black and poor male; and white and rich woman. The "game" between the real and the "magical" world of ads (Rocha 1990), also commented out by consumers, viewing the advertising much closer to real idealizations, instead of showing the realities at the interval time in TV.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pedaços de pote, bonecos de barro e encantados em Laranjal do Maracá, Mazagão-Amapá: perspectivas para uma arqueologia pública na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-04) LEITE, Lúcio Flávio Siqueira Costa; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101; ALMEIDA, Marcia Bezerra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1085631337892211
The Maracá region, in the municipality of Mazagão, state of Amapá, holds a vast archaeological potential, in which contexts of secondary burial in urns with anthropomorfic and zoomorfic characteristics—found in caves and shelters—feature prominently. The present dissertation is an ethnography about the representations that inhabitants of Vila de Laranjal de Maracá—located in the surroundings of several such sites—share of the archaeological traces found, as well as of the research carried out on these materials. Besides that, this study also tackles issues on practices of encantaria (Enchant Cult) and on the imaginary related to places described by the inhabitants. To accomplish that, participant observation, interviews, and bibliographic analysis were used in the attempt to reflect—based on the principles of Public Archaeology—on the different forms of impact of material culture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A memória coletiva e o ofício de sapateiro em Belém-Pa: as narrativas de mestres e aprendizes da arte dos calçados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-04) ROCHA, Manoel Cláudio Mendes Gonçalves da; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
The objective of the present study is to think over shoemaker craft in Belém, Pará. The research starts from the assessment of cobbler’s narratives, accurately workers from Batista Campos’s district and Campina’s District, located at central portion of the city. By the review of shoemaker’s memories about their social trajectories, I intend to comprehend how this occupation altered itself, how these people realize changes in urban life and space modifications over the years elapsed, therefore, frame and reconfiguration of urban world’s landscapes. The propositions listed here point to the fact that shoemaker knowledge and know-how, and a “saber viver” that reflects everyday experience of these individuals make workshops constitute spaces of sociability. In these places, besides manufacture and repair of shoes, other social forms are produced – full of sensitive and symbolic contents resulting from interactions and relationships engendered there and by the mediation of craft inherent technical gesture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Iluminando os mortos: um estudo sobre o ritual de homenagem aos mortos no dia de finados em Salinópolis – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-26) NEGRÃO, Marcus Vinícius Nascimento; ALENCAR, Edna Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7555559649274791
The Lighting of the Dead, conducted in the city of Salinópolis (PA) - and in some municipalities of northeastern Pará -, consists of a ritual homage to the dead, which takes place annually on the occasion of All Souls' Day, on November 2. In this city, there is a very specific way to pay tribute to the dead in their graves which, during the night, are illuminated with the lighting of candles to, in sequence, a moment of fraternization between the relatives of the deceased occur. Thus, the main aspects that problematized in this paper relate to the underlying issues in this symbolic ritual homage to the dead. Thus, the lighting of the dead works as a device that triggers sociability around death, reintegrating symbolically the dead to the social life and the living to the spiritual life.