Entomofauna decompositora de carcaças de porcos na região de Belém, Pará, Brasil, com ênfase na família Calliphoridae (Diptera)

Abstract

This present Work aim to study the development of the entomological succession on pigs carcass and the effect of de carcass size on this succession observing what species are the importance forensic potential to the Amazon region, whit emphasis on the species of Calliphoridae family (Diptera). Four dead pigs were exposed in a urban area in Belém and was realized everyday collects of the adults and larvaes insects. The maggots were created until the emergency of adults, with the object to verify what species utilize the carcass as a oviposition substract. Informations of the ovarian development of the calliforids females showed the kind of utilization of the carcass (food and/or oviposition). A total of 195.940 arthropods were collected on the carcass, whom the more abundants were the Diptera (98,20%) and Coleoptera (1,23%) orders. From 192.416 files collecteds, the more abundants families were Calliphoridae (10,96%), Muscidae (17,91%) and Sarcophagidae (10,79%). A entomological succession were verified the pattern that occur in the carcass of the metropolitan region in Belém of Pará, for which the Calliphoridae family is the first to arrive, is followed for sarcophagids, muscids and stratyomiids; after that, the Phorid family is the more frequently observed. At last the coleopteran were detected at the end days decomposition. A carcass size was a influential factor on the collected decomposers insects abundance, but isn't influential on the density of the created insects, neither at the entomological succession, diversity, composition or at the taxons richness of the collected and created insects. The stage of the decomposition observed was adjusted to the Bornemissza classification (1957), in this manner achieve the characterization of the decomposition stage to the Belém of Pará region. The decomposition process this research occurred more rapidly rather than the related in others regions. The exotic species of Chrysomya are predominating on the Diptera fauna and occasioning an exclusion of natiye species carrion colonist. The stages classificated as Putrefaction and Dark putrefaction were the more atractives to the calliforids species. The ovarian development analysis indicated that most of calliforids females preferred little carcass to realize oviposition. Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation we concluded that the species that can contribute to forensic entomological studies are Chrysomya aMiceps, Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria, Lucilia exímia and Hemilucilia segmentaria.