Identificação das fontes alimentares de mosquitos transmissores da malária na Amazônia brasileira pela técnica de Bloodmeal ELISA

Abstract

The immunoenzymatic assay for the bloodmeal identification has specificity till genus level, sensitivity for the identification of partial bloodmeal and detection of multi bloodmeal. It was detected the blood source of 82% of all mosquitoes specimens collected at the transmission area. We had testes six monoclonal antibodies for human, pig, dog, bovine, rat and chicken, and from them, only the bovine one had been unstable. It was obtained 55,7% (519/932) of the blood source for human, which demonstrated, these mosquitoes preference for human blood. From the 206 mosquitoes that had just a unique blood source, 27,6% were in human. The Anopheles darlingi had fed in human (41%) and his human bloodmeal index (HBI) indoor was 0,71. An. marajoara had presented 51,3% of the bloodmeal in humans, although had been collected in large amount outdoor and showed the HBI indoor of 0,76. The An. nuneztovari was the specie more abundant, demonstrating an exophilic and anthropophilic behavior, with 53,8% of blood source in humans and the HBI indoor of 0,65. The ELISA test is established, identifying the blood source of the anopheline mosquitoes collected in the malaria transmission area, except for bovine. This is the first time that this technique is being used for the determination of the blood source in anopheline mosquitoes in Brazilian Amazonia. It is very important the determination of the blood source of the anopheline species in order to characterize their anthropophilic behavior and to associate them or not with the malaria transmission.