Distribuição da fauna flebotomínica (Díptera: Psychodidae) ao longo de um gradiente rual-urbano em área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral no município de Barcarena-PA, Brasil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the urbanization of Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis in the municipality of Barcarena-PA, Brazil. Systematic captures of phlebotomines were performed using CDC light traps. The captures were carried out in areas of forest, edge of forest, intermediate area and urban area, from 2007 to 2009. A total of 5,089 specimens belonging to eleven species were collected, with predominance of L. (L.) longipalpis (95.15%), Lutzomyia (Sciopemyia) sordellii (2.06%) and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) flaviscutellata (1,76%). The highest population densities (88.25%) were from edge of forest belonging to a locality occupied about ten years. However, the visceral leishmaniasis vector was not captured in urban area, suggesting it has not been urbanized in Barcarena yet. For the diagnosis of infection rate, the microscope analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed. The microscope and molecular analysis were negative which suggest low rate infection in the researched areas. An investigation of Visceral Leishmaniasis cases was performed in the period from 2000 to 2008 in Barcarena. The most cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis notified (161) were in the age group of 0 to 12 years old. Males were the most affected individuals (p < 0,05) in the age group of 13 to 58 years suggesting the disease is linked to type of affected individuals activity.