Proposta metodológica de inclusão da gestão de análises de riscos naturais no zoneamento ecológico e econômico

Abstract

The region of the Calha Norte, located in the lower Amazon region of Pará State, historically suffer with several types of threats such as floods, Floods, Flooding, Erosion, Drought, flood, heavy rains and droughts, all recorded by the civil defense. Every year, either during the rainy season or dry season, the population is vulnerable to such events. The present work is to adapt a methodology that allows the incorporation of the theme management of natural hazards in Ecological and Economic Zoning of Brazil, taking as a case study of the ZEE of the Calha Norte do Pará providing tools for the management and improvement of public power actions. The analysis of the threat was based on a methodology that combines historical data, geomorphological map, geologic map, topographic map, slope map, identified the three kinds of analyzes: (i) area of high susceptibility (ii) area of moderately susceptible and (iii) area of low susceptibility, thus generated maps of the threats of flooding, geomorphological and droughts. The construction of social vulnerability was based on the construction of the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and the Index of Response Units (IUR), both from the 2010 census and the National Register of address for Statistics (CNEFE) both IBGE. After application of the index it was found that the total of 397 census tracts in the study area, 365 sectors are highly vulnerable, and other moderate and low vulnerability, which portrays as a concern with the area. In the risk analysis data vulnerability and threats were integrated and re-classified into three levels: (i) High risk, where there are few concentrations of units and high-threat responses, which may cause social and economic damage occurs when (ii) Middle Level, the result generated by crossing areas of high x low and (iii) Low risk, which resulted in two cartographic products: Risk Map and the Flood Risk Map Geomorphological. The Ecological and Economic Zoning of the Calha Norte of Pará was analyzed with a few questions to verify the inclusion of the theme of threat, vulnerability and risk in the document, after the analysis can be conclude the lack of inclusion of the theme in technical document. The results obtained in this research are important for supporting the creation of regional planning and public policy for the region.