Dissertações em Geografia (Mestrado) - PPGEO/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2346

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGEO) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Transformações antropogênicas na paisagem amazônica: uma análise a partir da inserção de trabalho na sub-bacia do igarapé Cearense, bacia do Jaurucu – baixo rio Xingu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-26) OLIVEIRA, Leticia Felizardo de; ALVAREZ, Wellington de Pinho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9113165346538917; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-9762
This work analyzes the dynamics of the landscape through a geosystemic analysis and the integration of labor in the sub-basin of the Cearense stream through on public policies. Transformations in the landscape were analyzed using satellite, bibliographic, and field data to assess the the landscape alteration and the emergence of anthropogenic landscapes due to the occupation process of the as well as identifying which agricultural activities most influenced deforestation and alteration of this landscape. A map of land use and cover is presented using MapBiomas data, in QGIS software version 3.28.2. The landscape of the area in question shows a high degree of anthropization, mainly caused by the implementation of pastures and cocoa plantations. This study is necessary to understand the environmental changes that have occurred in the region due to the occupation of the Transamazônica Highway. It is also expected that the results will contribute to the analysis of the effectiveness of public policies implemented in the region of the Transamazônica.
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Cidades pequenas na Amazônia: um estudo das particularidades urbanas da cidade de Brasil Novo, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-10) CRUZ, Hugo Alessandro Meireles; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
The Legal Amazon, which encompasses a vast area of tropical forest, has been deeply affected by economic and political dynamics since the mid-twentieth century. In this context, this study aims to understand the urban dynamics of the city of Brasil Novo, considering its unique characteristics as a small city in the Amazon. The socio-spatial formation of the city is understood to have resulted from policies aimed at developing and integrating the Brazilian Amazon into the national economy. The method used to analyze the processes shaping Brasil Novo is historical and dialectical materialism, which supports interpretations based on the periodization of the city’s spatial phenomena to explain its reality. The following methodological procedures were employed: a) documentary and bibliographic research; b) secondary data collection; c) administration of surveys in the city’s commercial sector; and d) administration of surveys in residential neighborhoods. The research revealed that Brasil Novo, which emerged with the construction of the BR-230 highway, exhibits socio-spatial dynamics marked by strong integration between rural and urban areas, driven by agricultural production and the actions of various social and economic agents. The highway plays a central role in connecting the city to external markets and integrating it into the regional urban network. Additionally, it was observed that the neighborhoods of Centro, Cidade Alta, and Jardim Valadares display distinct socioeconomic dynamics, reflecting the productive and social transformations that have occurred over time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensino e práticas pedagógicas em Geografia para pessoas com deficiência visual na EAUFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-15) AVIZ, Anderson da Silva; MAGALHÃES, Benedita Alcidema Coelho dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484794171047694; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-5184
This research, through the case study method, sought to analyze how the inclusive pedagogical practices adopted by Geography teachers at the UFPA School of Application materialize, focusing on the education of students with visual impairment (DV). Adopting historical-dialectical materialism as a methodological framework, the study analyzes the contradictions present in the process of school inclusion. Of a qualitative nature, the research used as sources the bibliographic review, documentary analysis and interviews with professors and coordinators of the institution. The results indicate advances in the school, through student services and the construction of dialogues between teachers and coordinators, driven by the Coordination of Inclusive Education and the Curriculum Accessibility Laboratory (LACEB). However, challenges persist, such as architectural barriers, difficulties in teacher training and the lack of alignment between educational policies and school pedagogical practices. The dialectical analysis reveals that inclusion is crossed by structural and social tensions, evidencing the need for greater articulation between theory and practice, both in the teaching of Geography and in the reality of the school in general. Thus, the research contributes to the debate on the effectiveness of inclusion policies and highlights the importance of teacher training to ensure accessible geographic education and the right to education for all students.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção forçada de um novo espaço para viver: o caso do Reassentamento Rural Coletivo km 27 – RRC, em Vitória do Xingu/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) ARCANJO, Nathany Melo Machado; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
Brazil's economic growth is heavily reliant on the exploitation of natural resources, particularly in the Amazon region. However, this exploitation disrupts the socio-spatial dynamics of local communities. The increasing demand for energy, driven by the country's political discourse on development, has led to the implementation of large hydroelectric projects in the Paraense Amazon. An example of this is the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant (UHEBM) on the Volta Grande do Xingu, which resulted in the compulsory displacement of several families living in areas affected by the realization of this large technical object, resulting in deformations in the traditional ways of life of riverine subjects, de characterizing their origins and necessarily transforming them into urban individuals or farmers/rural workers. Those who were once recognized as riparian families, given the condition of the space in which they lived and their direct relationship with the river, are now characterized as resettled families, still under the condition of space that transfigures them into resettled individuals from the Rural Collective Resettlement. In view of these transformations in the region, the research aimed to understand the production of space in the Collective Rural Resettlement of km 27, located in Vitória do Xingu - PA (RRC), this resettlement is conceived by external agents with the purpose of providing conditions equivalent or superior to those that the families had before the construction of the hydroelectric plant. For the primary data survey, semi-structured interviews were conducted with both the resettled families and the families living in the Resettlement in the years 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2022, allowing an understanding of the production of the RRC space, as well as the apprehension of the reality of the relocated families. In addition to fieldwork, official documents from Norte Energia, such as consolidated reports and others related to the object of study, were analyzed. It was verified that the relocated families obligatorily seek to establish new modes of production, new strategies, and new socio-spatial dynamics in the new space, trying to adapt to what external agents have imposed as reproductive assistance for their new living conditions.
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O circuito inferior da economia urbana em uma cidade ribeirinha da Amazônia: uma análise a partir de Porto de Moz- PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-15) CASTRO, Jéssica Ferreira de; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-8249-5024; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This research aims to understand the urban economy of a riverside city in the Amazon, in light of the theory of spatial circuits of the urban economy - the upper and lower circuit, proposed by Milton Santos in 1970. The locus of this research is the city of Porto de Moz/PA, located in the Lower Xingu (mesoregion of the Lower Amazon), at the confluence of the Xingu River and the Amazon River. The focus of the research analysis is to understand, through the theory of circuits, the urban economy of a riverside city, considering that the small riverside cities of the Amazon present peculiarities regarding their formation, the relationship with the river, and traditional ways of life. Thus, the dynamics and elements of these cities differ from other regions, as many emerged during colonization in the Amazon and through developmental projects in the region. In this sense, the riverside cities of the Amazon present a lower and traditional economy, it is hypothesized that the city of Porto de Moz is based on a lower economy that contributes directly and indirectly to the local economy. Through the realization of field research through (photographic/aerial records, application of forms with commercial agents, in addition to cartographic mapping), it was found that the city of Porto de Moz presents more elements and characteristics of the lower circuit and the marginal upper circuit, since the city aggregates different economic agents, such as fishermen, street vendors, hawkers, etc., these local agents contribute significantly to the local and regional economy of the city, as it establishes economic relations with the other municipalities in the region around it, and also, has economic relations with the RESEX, which is part of the territory.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise integrada da paisagem e processos de erosão costeira na ilha de Atalaia, Salinópolis, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-27) SOUZA, Ewerton Müller da Silva; ANDRADE, Milena Marília Nogueira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1930321094483005; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-7321
The study aims to analyze the landscape and erosion susceptibility processes on Atalaia Island, Salinópolis, Pará, as a basis for coastal management policies. The objective unfolds in examining the coastline position between 2002 and 2022, identifying coastal dynamics through geoindicators, analyzing landscape units, and the degree of susceptibility to erosion on the island. To achieve the objectives, the study area was divided into three sectors: Espadarte, Atalaia, and Sofia. The materials and methods used include satellite images for a twenty-year multi-temporal analysis, with polygon change analysis techniques, areal and linear rates. For this assessment of coastal changes, the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) plugin was used in the Geographic Information System environment of ArcMap 10.5. The use of geoindicators was granted through field sheets with the identification of natural or anthropogenic elements that pointed to the movement of the coastline. For the landscape analysis, the theoretical basis of landscape geoecology and the use of geoprocessing to generate a map of landscape units were used. The study revealed areas of high susceptibility with 47,798m², mainly in sector A, in this sector, geoindicators such as the front strip of vegetation modified by erosion (44) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (64) stand out. The areas of moderate susceptibility were present, prominently in Sector B, with an area of 66,950m², in this sector, the geoindicators of water/sewage piping or energy poles, located on the beach arch in a situation of destruction by physical agents (54) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (62) stand out. The areas of low susceptibility to erosion were present, most evidently, in Sector C, with an area of 341,274.1m², in this sector, the geoindicator related to the width of the post-beach/sandy berm surface (70) stands out. The results of the landscape analysis allowed the understanding of the structure and functioning of the fluvio-marine plain, urban areas, open areas, moving dunes, and beach and post-beach. The investigation offers a dynamic perspective on the erosion processes of Atalaia Island from the employed methodology, thereby, the results indicate the need for more effective coastal management strategies, underlining the importance of an integrated approach that considers both physical and socioeconomic aspects to mitigate adverse impacts on local communities and the ecosystem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“A gente não usa mais água como usava antes da barragem”: impactos da UHE Tucuruí na vida das mulheres atingidas por barragens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) LISBOA, Marília Geovana de Oliveira; ARAÚJO, Alan Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5369542452826838
The dissertation explores the construction process of territories impacted by hydroelectric plants, especially in the Amazon region, where the exploration of bodies and crossings caused by the conception of development of large projects affect environmental and social dynamics. In the Amazon, this process is even more complex due to the extension and diversity of landscapes and directly dependent populations. The energy model, discussed in Geography and its real impact, raises problems such as compulsory displacement, unfair compensation and water issues caused by changes in river flows and flows. In addition to territorial and spatial issues, social transitions are evident, although often made invisible by the patriarchal structure present in the spaces of debate. Thus, the research aims to understand the effects of the impacts caused by the Tucuruí HPP on women in the Lower Tocantins, especially in the riverside community of Paruru do Meio, and to analyze the reproduction of power of the Capital, challenges and forms of resistance of women in the defense of bodies territories. The research examines the physiographic and social issues of the islands of Baixo Tocantins, as well as the participation of women in this reality. It identifies the perception of women affected, the influences on domestic work hours and how these demands are raised in the political participation of women in the defense of the Territory. The methodological approach adopted includes bibliographic analysis, fieldwork, participation in community leadership meetings, application of socioeconomic questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and the preparation of maps and graphs. It is concluded that there is a structural gender differentiation in the construction of the territory studied, influencing environmental impacts and body dimensions. We highlight the importance of female protagonism in the defense of territories as a movement of direct confrontation against big capital, in favor of the dignity of the affected communities and families.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Das águas para a cidade e da cidade pelas águas: mudanças e permanências em Maracanã/PA, uma cidade ribeirinha-costeira do Salgado Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-07) COSTA, Valter Pinheiro da; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This research has as its theme: The city-river relationship and the Amazon coastal space. The object of analysis is: the production of urban space based on the city-river relationship and the coastal space. The locus is Maracanã/PA, a city of ancient colonization in the Salgado Paraense egion, which has had its dynamics altered over time by different processes of territorial modernization. It is an urban center linked to the river-floodplain-forest pattern of spatial organization (Gonçalves, 2015), with economic dynamics linked to the past and to the river-sea routes, revealing the city's articulation with a temporality not fully assimilated by the activities and ways of life recently implemented. In view of this, the question is: how has the production of urban space occurred in the city of Maracanã, considering the dialectic of riverside socio-spatial changes and permanences, intrinsic to the city-river relationship and the coastal space, in the face of the territorial dynamics derived from the action of the State and the interests of capital? The main objective is to analyze socio-spatial changes and continuities manifested in the relationship between the city of Maracanã and the river and coastal space, in light of the territorial dynamics of roads, fishing modernization, tourism and Conservation Units (UC). The main hypothesis is that, in the process of coexistence of intra-urban socio-spatial changes and permanences, the riverside-coastal dynamics of Maracanã/PA continue to produce a space of resistance with Amazonian characteristics typical of the dynamics that the city establishes as the river and the coastal space. This occurs even in the face of the transformative territorial modernization that advances due to the action of the State and the interests of capital, such as the opening of the branch known as “Old Road” and the PA-127; projects arising from the modernization of fishing, such as the fires at the Industrial Fishing Complex in the Itacoã neighborhood, beach tourism and the Maracanã Extractive Reserve Conservation Unit. The method of analysis used was the Regressive-Progressive. The methodological procedures applied were: literature review, document analysis, field research, photographic records, open interviews, application of forms and cartographic representations. The basic theory used the social production of space from the Lefebvrian perspective, as well as its application to studies of regional “urban diversity” (Trindade Jr., 2010, p. 235) with qualitative research techniques. As a result, the hypothesis initially proposed was proven. Thus, the city of Maracanã continues to produce a space of resistance with the presence of a “riverside” or way of life characteristic of the people who live on the banks of Amazonian water sources (Rente Neto and Furtado, 2015, p. 159), typical of the dynamics that the city establishes with the river and the coastal space. Thus, the Maracanã River in the coastal space continues to have great socioeconomic and cultural importance, although the city currently has a bimodal transportation system, with the road being the most used route. Therefore, Maracanã continues to maintain a Strong relationship with the river, manifesting characteristics of an authentic riverside-coastal city, due to its location on the riverbank in the coastal space, its historical genesis related to the first colonization process in the Amazon, its strong relationship with its immediate surroundings and the region, its values, daily habits and economic dynamics linked to traditional activities such as artisanal fishing.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mudanças geoecológicas na terra indígena Paquiçamba com exploração hidroelétrica do rio Xingu - Amazônia Centro-Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-22) SILVA, Nadson de Pablo Costa; PAULA, Eder Mileno Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647718165947306; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-6895-2126; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
Human action, guided by the logic of "progress", has intensely altered the natural landscape, exploiting the environment without considering its capacity for regeneration. In this way, understanding nature's capacity to regenerate is fundamental to developing strategies that can mitigate the various environmental impacts, or even be able to remedy such interventions, especially in areas of socio-environmental vulnerability, such as indigenous lands. Therefore, the study area is the Paquiçamba Indigenous Land located in the Greater Xingu, which has been experiencing an intense process of occupation and environmental impacts. From the 1970s onwards, public policies boosted the occupation of the Amazon, with projects to open roads and create settlements in the region. More recently, the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant has created new challenges for the TI. In this context, the problem of changes to the environment of the Paquiçamba Indigenous Land has arisen, which has significantly altered the lives of the Juruna indigenous people of the Volta Grande do Xingu. The research analyzed the change in water and land within the boundaries of the Paquiçamba Indigenous Land, from a Geoecological perspective, which was guided by Bertrand (2004), Rodriguez, Silva and Cavalcanti (2013), Rodrigues and Silva (2013; 2019), Souza (2010), Paula (2017). The geoecological compartmentalization and analysis of changes in the Paquiçamba Indigenous Land between 2011 and 2023 showed intense changes. The main one is the decrease in the flooded area, which went from 4,911.27 hectares in 2011 to 2,854.03 hectares in 2023, a reduction of 41.88%. This reduction, attributed to the construction of the Pimental dam in 2016, caused significant changes in the area. Beach areas decreased, while rocky areas increased from 1,477.80 hectares in 2011 to 1,889.80 hectares in 2023. Navigable areas have also been reduced, directly impacting the lives of the Juruna indigenous people who depend on the rivers for fishing, transportation and access to resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ordenamento territorial em unidades de conservação: o uso da técnica do laço na reserva extrativista Marinha de São João da Ponta (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-31) PINHO, Danilo do Rosario; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
This research sought to investigate a relevant local socio-technical innovation, known as the Loop technique. Socio-technical innovations are based on the premise that an organization or work unit is a combination of social and technical elements, interacting openly with its environment. The general objective was to explore the intercultural dialog between the cultural knowledge transmitted by the communities of São João da Ponta, a municipality located in the immediate geographic region of Castanhal (PA), and the normative scientific knowledge promulgated by the state, through its managing body, ICMBIO. The research was structured on the basis of bibliographical references to gain a deeper understanding of the state of the art in discussions about socio-technical innovations, Extractive Reserves and cultural knowledge. This was followed by documentary research to record local history. In dialogue with the Ecology of Knowledges, we adopted social cartography techniques, using the participatory mapping methodology, allowing maps to be constructed based on local knowledge, promoting the exchange of knowledge between scientific knowledge and local knowledge. The Participatory Cartography methodology was chosen because it recognizes that the various ways in which societies represent their environments are intrinsically linked to cartography. The results suggest that socio-environmental management in the São João da Ponta RESEX-MAR should promote dialogue between the institutions involved, intensify environmental awareness actions to sensitize the community, strengthen monitoring by the population and establish more effective communication channels between society and the entities involved. These actions are aimed at local development, social emancipation and the protection of the environment and its resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Território e multiterritorialidade: uma análise dos atingidos por Belo Monte no RUC São Joaquim
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-17) SANTOS, Bruno Alves dos; MIRANDA NETO, José Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3367795786739987
This research addresses issues related to the territoriality of residents of RUC São Joaquim, in Altamira-PA, after the change processed by the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant on the Xingu river. Since they had a socio-spatial organization built in the lived space of the city's lowlands, which the entrepreneur from Belo Monte called ADA. In this context, it was considered necessary to try to understand the continuous process of building identity and the affirmation of the principle of territoriality in the constitution of its territory. Therefore, the problem of this research consists of answering the following question: How has the construction of new territorialities and the identity of belonging of these subjects been taking place in the construction of their territorial bonds? To answer this question, the main objective of the research is to analyze the process of building territorial bonds of identity and belonging from the subjects affected by RUC São Joaquim. Having the specific objectives of a) Investigating what the relationships of belonging and sociability were like between subjects before Belo Monte; b) Understand how the process of moving to RUC São Joaquim took place and its consequences for residents; and c) Understand the territorialities of the subjects in relation to RUC São Joaquim, identifying the processes related to multiterritorialities. The research has an explanatory nature based on a qualitative approach to the proposed topic. The methodological path of structuring and developing this research sought paths that not only allowed understanding, but also the appreciation of the subjects' interpretations of the investigated object combined with the data collection and processing parameters of information obtained in interviews during field activities, which were analyzed based on the proposed theoretical framework. It can be seen that the residents of this RUC present a crossed reality marked by nostalgia for the territoriality that was perceived, lived and conceived in the ADA, demonstrating a multiterritoriality in the continuous process of territorialization, deterritorialization and reterritorialization based on the territorial dynamics imposed by UHE Belo Monte.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A produção do espaço urbano em Belém e sua relação com o capital financeiro imobiliário - uma análise do bairro do Umarizal Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-18) SOUZA, Herbert Luis Alfaia de; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This article had aimed to analyze the concepto of space production with real estate finance capital, but specifically in neighborhood of Umarizal in Belém(PA), having as object the impacto of financialization of the house after arrival of the real estate market in the neighborhood of Umarizal; verify the relationship between the government policies that were implement central Belém; to understand; infrastrutucture urban availability of services such as trade, sanitation, arrival das companies, transport; to analyze,; in the current context real estate finance capital in the production space in city in Belém in new logic capital. the gov In this sense, we seek to inquire about the observed changes, in the referred neighborhood in question, if these modifications were similar in other cities in Brazil.The implementation of public policies by the state for the revitalization of the city center is observed, where we observe an adaptation of the city, in the new logic of the capital, according to the interests of the developers. the research was developed firstly, through a bibliographical survey, of the authors who analyze the concept of space production and the housing financialization process both national authors as Carlos, Fix, Rolnik; international authors as Harvey, Gottdierner and local authors as Ventura Neto, Cardoso and Lima; through data collection, we observed the projects built through graphs, mapping of the constructions made by the construction companies. we conclude that there was a decrease in the construction of projects between 2009-2017; there was also an intensification of the public-private partnership.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica geoambiental e as transformações da paisagem da bacia hidrográfica do rio Ituna, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-08) BALIEIRO, Bruna Taynara de Souza; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
The diversity of public policy incentives and the overlapping of large development projects in the Amazon have made it a complex region, directly influencing the transformations of the landscape and its geoenvironmental dynamics. The study area of this research comprises the Ituna watershed (BHRI), located in the municipalities of Altamira-PA and Senador José Porfírio-PA, currently consisting of six land units, including settlement projects and indigenous land, created under different contexts . Furthermore, the area is under the influence of large projects such as the UHE Belo Monte and speculation about the implementation of the Volta Grande Project (Belo Sun) for mining exploration. Given these factors, the research analyzed the geoenvironmental dynamics and transformations of the BHRI landscape, through changes in land use and cover, over 36 years, considering the context of public policies to encourage forms of land use (land policies and agricultural/agriculture), as well as the insertion and speculation of large projects in its zone of influence. The results point to significant changes on a multitemporal scale, where in 2022 Agriculture represented 60,829.59 hectares (38.67%) and Forestry Formation 95,879.32 hectares (60.96%) of BHRI, it is important to highlight that of this total Forest Formation, 17,464.9533 hectares are located in the Koatinemo TI. The data confirm a substantial increase in the expansion of agriculture and livestock over the BHRI forest. The study also highlights the conservation of the forest in the Koatinemo TI when compared to settlement projects. The study reinforces the complexity of creating and executing developmental policies for the Amazon and how the actions of human beings constantly affect the landscape.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise das Unidades Geoecologicas do Refúgio Biológico da Vida Silvestre Metrópole da Amazônia – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-16) PEREIRA, Elexandre Martins; PAULA, Eder Mileno Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647718165947306; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-2126
The “Metrópole da Amazônia” Wildlife Refuge Conservation Unit is a large environmental preservation area located in the 11th largest metropolitan region in the country, with an estimated population of over 2 million inhabitants. With immense natural riches, it can be considered the last frontier of urban expansion in the region. The work used landscape geoecology to identify the degree of impact of the geoecological units and the Leopold Matrix, one of the tools used in environmental impact assessment, was used to measure the environmental impacts of the study area. The result was that, within the area of the conservation unit, the two geoecological units described in the study (Tablelands and Plains) are well preserved, but the most impacted was the Tablelands, especially found in the REVIS buffer zone. Finally, proposals were suggested to be analyzed and implemented by the unit's management body in order to mitigate the existing impacts in the study area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financeirização habitacional e fragmentação socioespacial: uma análise a partir da cidade de Ananindeua/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-28) DIAS, Izabel Nahum; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The financialization process driven by globalization causes spatial and social changes on different scales. In the city of Ananindeua, located in the metropolitan region of Belém do Pará, the consumption of financialized housing is driven by the metropolitan dynamics in which the city is inserted, contributing to the fragmented production of space. Thus, this research aims to analyze how the financialization of housing contributes to socio-spatial fragmentation through the production of housing spaces in the city of Ananindeua/PA since the year 2000. The methodological procedures adopted consist mainly of bibliographic and documentary analysis through books, articles and documents related to the topic of the debate, data collection from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Brazilian Association of Real Estate Credit and Savings Entities (Abecip), the Construction Industry Union of the State of Pará (Sinduscon/PA), in addition to fieldwork and semi-structured interviews. The idea/thesis is defended that the insertion of new real estate businesses inherent to the financialization of housing space, the advancement of new economic agents of local, regional, national and international capital, as well as the structuring actions of public power (Large urban projects), associated with the processes of urbanization and metropolization of space, have contributed to the urban recomposition with the formation of urban (poly)centralities, constituting and contributing to the socio-spatial fragmentation, expressed from the spaces of habitation and consumption of urban space in Ananindeua at the beginning of the 21st century. The results indicate that there are axes of expansion of enterprises in the city that are consolidated based on different spatial practices, as well as on urban polycentralities, on the availability of locational convenience factors, and on land reserves that await valorization processes. Furthermore, changes occur in the spatial patterns that made up the center/periphery model, with a tendency towards a predominance of the logic of fragmentation of space where different social classes coexist, but remain distanced by elements intrinsic to real estate dynamics, making it necessary to understand the advancement of the processes of financialization and fragmentation in the face of the socio-spatial differentiations and inequalities inherent to Amazonian cities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos socioambientais na região da Serra do Piriá, Viseu-PA sob o enfoque da geoecologia das paisagens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-17) SOUZA, Wellington Pereira de; VIDAL, Maria Rita; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5598361253569887; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-3624
Socio-environmental impacts are changes suffered by the environment caused by actions that have a direct influence on the quality of life of populations. These aspects can be seen in the Serra do Piriá region, located in the municipality of Viseu-PA, where among the various activities we highlight mineral exploration that led to sudden changes in the landscapes, with impacts being identified, such as: deforestation, soil destruction, fires , among others. The objective is to analyze the socio-environmental impacts in six communities surrounding the Serra do Piriá, which were directly affected by human activities (mining, livestock farming, animal and plant extractivism) and their consequences related to the communities' appropriation of natural resources. The methodology is based on the assumptions of environmental analysis with a view to Landscape Geoecology to analyze the socio-environmental impacts that will serve as a framework for understanding socio-environmental phenomena. Seven geoecological units were delimited in the study area, and of these, three (UG1) Plateau with Capoeira Vegetation, (UG3) Foothill with Secondary Vegetation and (UG4) Plain Interspersed with Ombrophylous and Capoeira Vegetation presented very critical states, two units (UG5) Hills with Patches of Dense Ombrophyllous Vegetation and Riparian Forest, (UG7) Rivers and Nature Fields presented critical states, one (UG2) Slope with Cavities and Fragments of Primary Vegetation presented an unstable state and finally, one (UG6) Fluviomarinha Plain with Maguezal presented a stable state. The study pointed out that human activities are distorting the landscapes, making it necessary to implement conservation and preservation actions for the landscapes in question.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra na Amazônia Oriental: uma análise a partir do município de Senador José Porfírio-PA (2010 a 2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-13) MOURA, Valdinei Mendes; MARINHO, José Antônio Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248631456407324; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9870-6930; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
In the Xingu Integration region, the dynamics of land use and land cover takes place through accelerated transformations, consolidated mainly by road transport networks, especially from the 1970s onwards with the opening of the Transamazon Highway (BR-230). Thus, the work prioritized analyzing the dynamics of land use and land cover in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio, located in an area of intense socioeconomic and environmental change, especially after the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. In this sense, the methodological procedures focused on collecting information and data in digital databases, and on the subsequent analysis and interpretation of the material obtained and bibliographical research on the dynamics of land uses in the Amazon region and on the use of geotechnologies as tools for monitor the territorial dynamics of these uses. Thus, in the first stage of the work, bibliographical research was carried out in digital databases, seeking studies on the dynamics of land uses in the Amazon region and on the use of geotechnologies as tools to monitor the territorial dynamics of these uses, particularly in relation to the process. deforestation, one of the most sensitive issues in the environmental issue today. In the second stage of the work, the website of the Annual Mapping Project for Land Cover and Land Use in Brazil - Mapbiomas, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and Instituto Socioambiental (ISA) were searched for land use and occupation of the municipality of Senador José Porfírio for the period 2010 to 2018. The same is being done in PRODES 2019 (General Coordination of Earth Observation-OBT/INPE). The objective of the research was to analyze the dynamics of land use in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio, from 2010 to 2020, considering the historical and economic aspects, as well as their socio-environmental, landscape and territorial expressions. In the results, it was found that, for this period of research, agriculture suffered variations in its perennial culture in relation mainly to government restrictions, but there was an emphasis on cocoa production. It was analyzed that illegal logging, deforestation, in addition to land grabbing for agricultural production has been advancing mainly in areas of settlements and indigenous lands, which intensified political, socio- environmental, economic, land and landscape problems, especially with the sector agriculture, mining, traditional peoples and agroextractivos. In this context, there is an accelerated process of antagonistic appropriation of space by its various social agents for eventual productions of territories and territorialities. In this regard, in this 21st century, with the entry of international capital in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio-PA, local populations and their ways of life are still disregarded.
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Movimentos das águas e águas em movimento: um estudo sobre os conflitos pela água no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-01) BRIA, Nelson Gabriel da Silva; OLIVEIRA NETO, Adolfo da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3108272104911953; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-6295; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
Water is an indispensable element for the continuity of human life and the planet's environmental balance. As a result, the struggle for its access and resources is a struggle that has been going on for centuries around the world. In each space/territory, it takes on specific characteristics, stemming from the existing interrelationships. In Brazil, the existence of multiple conflicts over access, control, and the right to water and its resources can be seen in different spaces/territories, and the consequences of these conflicts take on new contours, whether in terms of defense strategies by social movements or by big capital, as actions that are harmful to these groups. The debates about water and movements can be understood from numerous theoretical and methodological perspectives, but here we start from the conflictuality and the historical and dialectical materiality that actions of different actors leave on different spaces. Once these actions are historical processes, which are in constant movement, acting and materializing in different ways in each space, leaving marks that can be described and analyzed in a critical way. In view of this, we propose to understand the different processes in which disputes over water are embedded, based on scientific debates and analyses of the actions suffered, practiced, and other strategies developed by socio-territorial water movements to safeguard the rights of their members and of society in general. The hypotheses raised in this work are that the socio-territorial movements organize themselves, either internally within a single movement, or allied with others, seeking different ways to face the adversities arising from the conflicts in which they are inserted, such as: demonstrations, occupations of companies and public agencies, lawsuits, against mining, agribusiness, industrial fishing, among others. The debates in this paper sought to understand the different processes in which disputes over water are inserted. In this sense, the bibliometric research and its subsequent analysis provided conditions for the observation of how science has been producing water conflicts worldwide. Not only the forms, but the diverse processes and conceptions that water assumes for each of those who dispute it. In this sense, it was possible to observe the dynamics resulting from the processes of appropriation and differentiation of uses and conceptions of water, noting the existence of hegemonic actors who seek to control it in order to satisfy their needs. The processes related to the disputes for and over water are complex, arising from the sum of factors resulting from the spaces and territories where they are inserted. At the national level, it was noticeable that socio-spatial and socio-territorial movements are important contesting actors of the current order, producing a set of actions and strategies to confront the hydro-hegemonic actors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Transformações socioambientais e ecologia da paisagem nas microbacias urbanas de Altamira - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-10-31) COSTA, Vagner Nascimento; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
The urban space must be understood in a dynamic perspective having as reference the growth of the city. In terms of environmental issues, the disorderly growth associated with the inexperience of environmental and territorial planning incurs in the formation of socioenvironmental problems and in the restructuring of the landscape. Through mathematical modeling and geographic data, it is possible to understand the processes that operate between social and cultural environments and the available natural resources. Associated to the geoprocessing technologies, the landscape metrics are valuable tools in Landscape Ecology to measure changes in a area of study by establishing temporal assessments of the modification of landscape fragments, through the evaluation of criteria and establishment of propositions that allow understand the transformation capacity of the territory. The general objective of the present research is to understand the socio-environmental and ecological transformations of the landscape in the urban watersheds of Altamira/PA, enabling the formulation of a prognostic scenario to support the environmental urban planning process through spatial assessment and application of landscape metrics to the forest fragments related to the municipal urban perimeter, considering the time periods of 2000, 2010 and 2020.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem ambiental na floresta nacional do Jamanxim-PA: proposta de cenário futuro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-21) GAMA, Luana Helena Oliveira Monteiro; ALMEIDA, Arlete Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1511094180664778
Protected areas were created essentially for the conservation of fauna and flora. Analyzing its socio-environmental dynamics becomes a challenge, and at the same time contributes to the understanding of the landscape. The present study aims to model future scenarios from remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques in the National Forest (FLONA) of Jamanxim-PA, based on the land use classification of the years 2013 and 2020. Analyze the independent variables through of Artificial Intelligence. Apply the DINAMICA EGO model using the transition method to simulate deforestation trajectories up to 2030, based on the dependent variables (land cover and use 2013 and 2020) and independent variables (altimetry, slope, distance to roads, distance to settlements and distance to hydrography. The high rates of deforestation within the limits of conservation units, lead to large environmental losses over time. According to INPE, the state of Pará presented the highest forest loss of the Brazilian Amazon states in 2019, a total of 3,862 km2 , with an increase rate of 41% when compared to 2018. Through the mathematical model it is possible to analyze “Where” will be deforested; “When” will it be deforested and what deforestation rates will be; and “How”, what will be the spatial representation of the new areas of modification, that is, how the deforestation process will be based on the dynamic cover and use of the land and the elements that make up the landscape, such as the variations independent activities, it is possible to carry out future projections of deforestation in the FLONA do Jamanxim. Theories of authors representing different currents of Geography are approached to conceptualize space, landscape and dynamic modeling. In Physical Geography, one starts from Bertrand's concepts. For Quantitative Geography, Waldo Tobler was used as a basis. The discussion of Critical Geography is based on the works of Milton Santos. And Soares-Filho for spatial dynamic modeling. The methodology was divided into three main phases: 1- Processing of satellite images, using the supervised classification method through the Maximum Likelihood algorithm; 2- Processing of independent variables; 3- Stage considered the main part of the study, which consists of spatial modeling in DINAMICA EGO. As a result of the analysis of land cover and use, it was observed that there was a reduction in the area of 112.51 km² (0.87%) of primary forest, and an increase in the mosaic class of occupations (deforestation) with an area of 393.53 km², equivalent to 3% of deforested area. The main activities observed were: forest exploitation and mining. There is also a deforestation pattern classified as geometric and regular, with economic activities, such as agriculture, and mainly medium to large-scale grain and livestock monocultures, and an intermediate stage of occupation. The independent variables assume Bertrand's GTP model to observe landscape dynamics. It was observed that 0.28% of the primary forest was converted to deforestation. That is, from 2013 to 2020 deforestation is occurring at a net rate of 28% per year. And there is a high probability of transition from primary forest to a mosaic of occupations, and from forest exploitation to a mosaic of occupations to the north and south of the FLONA do Jamanxim, areas that may be associated with the implementation of roads (BR-163), and to the PDS Brasília and Vale do Jamanxim Project settlements, which consequently can impact the resilience of the landscape. Based on modeling and analysis of future scenarios, it appears that there may be a loss of 198.79 km² (1.52%) of primary forest, and a considerable increase in deforestation of 155.20 km² by 2030. The mapping of this study, it can support public policy actions by analyzing the impact of laws and identifying priority areas for government action in FLONA do Jamanxim. Based on the spatial modeling, together with the command, control and monitoring plans, it is possible to guide the socio-environmental, economic and cultural development in this UC, for the maintenance and conservation of natural assets.