Feiras-livres e feiras de exposição: expressões da relação cidade-floresta no sudeste paraense

Abstract

Based on theories of circuit of the urban economy of Milton Santos and of the everyday life of Henri Lefèbvre, the reflections of this study are in line with the theme: the relationship city-florest in the eastern Amazon. Analyze this relationship in the face of actual regional dynamics is our main goal. Thus, free fairs and exposition fairs in the city of Marabá appear as empirical clippings, because it are representatives spaces of changes and continuities of the city-forest relationship in southeastern paraense. For this, we used the following instruments: a) theoretical and conceptual bibliographic review of issues, theories, concepts and notions relevant to the search; b) bibliographic review of historical and geographical character and secondary data survey about southeastern paraense, city of Marabá and its free fairs and exposition fairs, and also about public policies relevant to relationship between city and forest; c) photographic survey in the free fairs and Agricultural Exposition Fair of Marabá (EXPOAMA); d) systematic observation field on the interaction city-forest; e) realization of individual interviews recorded with semi-structured questions applied in the technicians, planners and public officials linked to planning and management of Marabá; in the representatives of the free fairs; in the representatives of the Farmers Syndicate of Marabá (SPRM) and of the Commercial and Industrial Association of Marabá (ACIM); in the frequenters of fairs; in the workers of free fairs; and representatives of companies participants of the EXPOAMA; f) analysis and systematization of data collected on the theoretical-conceptual framework previously defined and reviewed. The forest is denied and removed in benefit of the economic production and capitalist everyday life in southeastern paraense. In this context, is highlighted the role of mining and agricultural activities. The state produces and provides the basis for this process, which destroys traces of the past and build new representations and socio-spatial relations in region. Thus, the spaces that gain prominence are insert in the logic of modernity, such the exposition fairs. That fairs are oriented by exchange value and by absence of the forest, serving as windows within the national and international market. The modernity in Marabá along with the negation of the forest invades even the spaces of free fairs. This fairs has an important role in the reproduction of social groups with lower purchasing power, and have been invaded, increasingly, by extra-regional products and distant logical. Neglected by the actions and interventions government, the free fairs are treat sectorally, ignoring the agro-extractive activities practiced and possible. Thus, in Marabá and its relationship with its surroundings, the forest is deny in its multidimensionality (economic, ecologic, symbolic and ludic).