Proposta de novas técnicas de modelagem para estudo da redução do potencial de passo e aterramento por elementos de circuito

Abstract

This work presents new techniques to reduce the step potential in grounding systems, as well as analysis regarding others present in the literature. For this goal, some resources were employed, such as to bent the mesh grounding borders (Umbrella Model) and the use of ramifications on the grounding rods (Fractal Model). The obtained results clearly show that the proposals are promising and efficient, mainly when dealing with a problem of large importance for people and equipment security. Reductions up to 85% in the step potential were obtained. It is also proposed here, the employment of lumped parameteres circuit elements, aiming at a ground system model capable to operate in any kind of the existing grounds. In order to analyze the structures, a software was utilized in which Maxwell’s equations are numerically solved by the FDTD Method associated to the UPML technique, and thin wires in a lossy medium.