Persistência de anticorpos neutralizantes contra o vírus rábico após quatro anos de vacinação em regimes de pré e pós-exposição e doses de reforço, em população de área rural exposta a agressão por morcegos hematófagos no Brasil

Abstract

Rabies is a cosmopolitan zoonosis characterized as an acute viral encephalitis, progressive killing around 55.000 people annually worldwide each year. The rabies virus is transmitted by domestic animals and rural and wild, and now, in the Brazilian Amazon has been observed often outbreaks of human rabies transmitted by bats. The shape of most successful treatment after possible exposure to rabies virus is immunoprophylaxis. This study presents itself as a prospective cohort of maintaining rabies virus neutralizing antibodies in 508 previously vaccinated individuals in a population of the municipality of Augusto Corrêa- Pará- Brazil, from 2007 to 2009. To this end, serum samples were collected for measurement of antibodies by the technique RFFIT. The study sample the genre was predominantly male, with the median age about 16 years with interquartile range between 8 and 30 years, and there was a greater concentration in the age groups 2-9 years and 10 to 19 years; and most of subjects performed the immunization schedule full exposure. The production of neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus in protective levels (> 0.05 IU/mL) occurred in 87.3% of subjects in the first year of the study and preservation of seroprotection was 85.6% in the second year and 93.2% the following year. The study showed better immune profile in females compared to males; in the age groups 30-39 years and 50-59 years; and the group of 32 subjects who received a booster dose, as indicated by antibody titers. In this study, population investigated showed good levels of neutralizing antibodies (> 0.5 IU/mL) against the rabies virus after 4 years of vaccination.