Políticas nacionais de educação infantil: mobral, educação pré-escolar e a Revista Criança

Abstract

The subject of this thesis is the Brazilian periodical entitled "Revista Criança" specialized in early childhood education. The analysis deals with the volumes published from 1982 until 1985. The educational policy referred in plans, programs, projects, laws and official documents of the previous publication's period. It is also analyzed. The investigation has a general purpose to know in what way the Ministery of Education — MEC's ideology had based the magazine's articles under the military dictatorship. The research questions the fact that the magazine was published by Mobral — Movimento Brasileiro de Alfabetização (Literacy Brazilian Movement). Based on the interviews' data, it was possible to infer the priority given to Childhood Education by the official decision that creates the National Program of Pre-School Education, in 1981 and assisgn to Mobral the responsibility in attendance of poor 4 to 6 year old children The research shows that, as "Revista Criança" has being published in 1982, it was the first periodical in this country that had a national divulgation in the specialized field of Pre-School Education. Its publications occurs in an historical context, of conflicts, contradictions, violente and suppression of democratics rights. At the same time, this magazine showed ambiguity on the concepts of children and childhood conception adopted, while moreover in its articles there are prejudices against the lower class children and their teachers. It also reveals a educational policy point of view based on: voluntary action, popular initiative, lower investment of public resources also low "trainee" salary, and use of spaces and materiais useless, in order to develop educational activities with young children. This doctoral study aims to contribute to the early Childhood Pedagogy as well as the training teacher's in this area.