Terras devolutas no pós 1988: repercussões da jurisprudência dos tribunais superiores brasileiros na estrutura fundiária da Amazônia Legal

Abstract

Aims to analyze how the Brazilian Superior Courts’ decision, in the judgments of prescription and discriminatory actions of vacant lands in post-1988 have repercussions on the land structure of the Legal Amazon. It was delimited three specific objectives, which correspond to the sections of this dissertation: to present a history of the origin of vacant lands in Brazil and the discussions about its concepts and legal regime takin into account the public domain and the formation of private property in Brazil, its legislative changes that had repercussions in the identification of these lands, criteria of ownership, functionality, availability, destination for agrarian reform and protection of natural ecosystem, and debates the impossibility of prescription after the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil promulgation; to examine the prescription species in the Brazilian legal system, its requirements, the importance of this institute to those who comply with the social function of property, the burden of proof in these actions and the changes of the institute with Law nº 13.105/2015 and Law n. 13.465/2017, when disposing on the administrative prescription; to analyze the judgments of the Superior Brazilian Courts on prescription and discriminatory nature of vacant lands, and a critical reading based on Rodriguez (2013a) and Streck (2014; 2016), identifying the cases and relating them to the specificities of the land structure of the Legal Amazon. It was used as method of approach the deductive-analytical and method of procedure was monographic. It was concluded that in prescription actions, the application of thesis the lack of transcription in the real state registry does not generate the presumption that there is a vacant land, being the State burden of proof, without further observation on the factual issues of the cases, as it has been carried out by the STJ, based on previous STF judgments, can cause serious damage to the legal heritage of the Legal Amazon, through the legitimization of unproductive states. It was also concluded that discriminatory actions must be promoted in order to identify the residual assets, preferentially earmarked for agrarian reform and environmental protection.