Aplicabilidade altimétrica no mapeamento fitogeográfico e uso da terra: contribuições ao planejamento territorial e à restauração ambiental

Abstract

This study aims to improve the mapping method for the vegetation cover, elaborated in the 1: 250,000 scale, using the theoretical reference of Classificação da Vegetação Brasileira Adaptada a um Sistema Universal by Veloso, Rangel-Filho and Lima (1991) ). The mapping of the vegetation units was carried out in corresponding to the forest formations and sub-formations of the IBGE vegetation. In this sense, the proposal of this research will enable, through a geotechnology tool, to rectify such designs. Starting from the official mapping (IBGE), later, it was superimposed on the hypsometric map generated in this work. As a result of this process, a new mapping of the vegetation cover properly adjusted to the classification used was obtained. In the assessment of the proposed mapping, a field validation was performed, having as its main axis the positional accuracy of the outlines of forest formations and sub- formations in the area under study. The research was carried out in the Municipality of Paragominas, State of Pará, with a total area of 19,342,254 km2. The results showed a strong need for inclusion of this device in the methodological process, since deep changes in the spatialization of these designs (forest formations and sub - formations) were performed and rectified, both in the qualitative and/or quantitative aspects, which are observed in the comparative map between the official data and the proposed data: Official Map Db 43%, in the Proposed Map, it changed to 52.95%; In the Official Map Ds 54.98%, in the Proposed Map, it was 45.68%. The analysis of the environmental liability was carried out in the SICAR database available in November/2018, corresponding to 93.4% of registered properties, presenting the following 85.15% of the Legal Reserves have anthropogenic levels in the range of <40; that is, low anthropization; 8.95% of the RL (s) are in the range of> 60, that is, high anthropization; and 5.9% of the RL (s), are in the range of 40-60, that is, average anthropization. In this way, the final product meets a more effective instrument and, in a way, can be best used in territorial planning actions.