Povos e comunidades tradicionais da Amazônia Legal: análise das normas jurídicas de acesso aos territórios e aos bens ambientais

Abstract

This study examines the right of accessing areas by people and traditional communities and the right of accessing environmental goods located in traditional territories in the light of the1988's Constitution and the "legal rules". The research's approach focuses on the Legal Amazon and uses as an example the State of Pará. The analysis focuses on three categories of peoples and traditional communities: indigenous peoples, remnants quilombos' communities and traditional extractive communities, located in conservation units (RESEX, FLONA and RDS) and PAE. It is a critical examination of legal institutions that guarantee the people and communities access to traditional territories and tools that allow the use of environmental goods located in their territories. The survey results emphasize the importance of standardization and regulation, based on the collective right of access to areas by people and traditional communities, as well as access to assets located in those territories, believing that peoples and traditional communities make the national environmental heritage – ecologically balanced environment. It is behind the resistance to such regulation or regulations, the maintenance of spoliation, both externally, from the North on the southern countries, as internally, by dominant groups for groups controlled.