Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia - PPGFIL/IFCH
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/5862
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia (PPGFIL) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Foi criado em dezembro de 2010 e iniciou suas atividades efetivas em agosto de 2011, como curso de Mestrado em Filosofia, sendo o único na área em toda a Região Norte.
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia - PPGFIL/IFCH por Orientadores "CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Autoridade e autoritarismo em Max Horkheimer(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) SILVA, Francivone Rodrigues da; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the study by Max Horkheimer on the problem of authority and authoritarianism in this essay Authority and Family from 1936. The constant presence of this phenomenon in social life is treated by Horkheimer within a dialectical and overall view of the history of Western society. The vision of the Frankfurter thinker has strong influence of the thought of Hegel, Marx and Freud in understanding the relationship between individual and society. To further elucidate these concepts, it was necessary a study on the economic issue as a strong link in human relationships as well as a study on the coercive character inherent in the formation of social being. The awareness of the presence of authority and authoritarian character is a requirement that leads human being to learn to face them, as they will never be extinguished.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Os "bons europeus" e a "nova síntese" no pensamento nietzschiano(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-04-26) FEITOSA, Wesley Leite; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910This paper consists in a philological – hermeneutics analysis about the philosophical oustpread from Nietzsche’s concepts of “good european” as a fundamental question in his task of overcoming moral. The term “good- european” occurs in two specific parts in Nietzsche’s work. The first mention is in his intermediate texts (1876 – 1882), in which the author talks about culture, language and metaphysical issues. At this period the philosopher argues about subject formation and the cultural processes of coercion on the subject that condionate human thought and behavior. This approach evokes the necessity of a manner to elaborate a task in order to overcome the morality about the concept of free spirit. The concepts of “good european” and free spirit are associated as synonyms in his intermediate work phase, being the first term a manner to enphasize the necessity of overcoming and detaching the nations issue and talks about German nationalism in the 1900s. In his late work (1883-1889) the term “good european” is reintroduced in a new contexto through that the author develops his critics on moral and the overcoming an ethnocentric concept in modern european thought. Thus, Nietzsche stablishes hierarchic and overcome levels: 1. European; 2. Supraeuropean; 3. Asian; 4. Greek. Supraeuropean concept designates a perspective that the Europe itself must be exceed. In this perspective the being needs to be not only supranational but supraeuropean intending to overcome an european vision and the reach of a wider vision about the Western culture. Nietzsche tries to extinguish his western partiality and propounds an Asian perspective in Europe via the concept of Supraasiatic. The supraasiatic level represents a moral overcome in comparison to an european moral, relating this idea to the supraeuropean concept. This concept characterizes a radical objection to the Western and its values as a cultural consequence from Europe. Finally, the author highlightsa greek theoretical foundation as a model to the so called “Europeans from the future” in a denominated greek ideal. This ideal represents a higher view in comparison to the previous ideals and characterizes his cosmopolitan idea about europe culture, in terms of its cultural synthesis. From that perspective Nietzsche describes a non-stop process according to atavistic procedures and diferentiation processes in which a “new synthesis” of philological, linguistics and culture can be possible.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O conceito de psicologia em humano, demasiado humano I(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-14) REMÍGIO, Luan José Silva; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825The present work aims to explore the concept of psychology as presented in Human, all too human. The formulation of this concept is closely linked to the Nietzschean philosophical project of historical philosophy inaugurated in 1878. This enterprise criticizes the traditional philosophy based on scientific knowledge, which is again valued from the work of 1878. The psychology elaborated by Nietzsche departs from that elaborated by metaphysics, since the philosopher starts from different presuppositions of the tradition when rejecting the body/soul duality and the supremacy of the intelligible over the sensible, when attaching greater importance to the sensitive. Most important, too, is the friendship begun with Paul Rée that will present the French moralists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to the German philosopher. The Duke of La Rochefoucauld, one of these French thinkers, is fundamental for the elaboration of his "psychological observations", as well as the studies on physiology, intensified thereafter. Thus, psychological analysis is necessary to denounce ideals, theoretical, practical and aesthetic as human fictions, too human.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Confissão, sujeito e verdade em Michel Foucault(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-22) MONTEIRO, Rafael Siqueira; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A “Cultura de Si” em Foucault(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-26) FREITAS, Frank Alexandre Rosa; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825Based on the recent works of Michel Foucault, we face a significant turning point in his philosophy, through the study of the Greek notion of care of the self. That notion, according to Pierre Hadot, would have been attracted by some aspects of his approach to ancient philosophy as spiritual exercises. From this new perspective Foucault thinks the subject who builds himself with exercises, practices and techniques of himself. Consequently, this dissertation aims to analyze “The Culture of the Self”, that is extensively worked and researched by Foucault, in his last works and mainly from The Hermeneutics of The Subject, a 1982 course; besides the History of Sexuality II and III, and other related texts to the aspects of old ethics. Thus, we start from the Foucault’s analysis of The Culture of the Self to the convergences and divergences critically undertaken by Hadot. Finally, we can arrive in chapter III of our dissertation, to understand how Foucault analyzes The Culture of the Self after the course of 1982. What changes in the later courses. What changes in the last two volumes of the History of Sexuality in relation to the Hermeneutics of the Subject. Also, the question of the actuality of The Culture of the Self and its relation to the current social practices for the possibility of an aesthetic of existence is another object of investigation. We then turn to the question of whether or not Foucault would propose to re-evaluate an ancient ethic, in order to reflect about the ways in which is possible to understand, through the look he has given to antiquity, an art of living.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O Dionisíaco em Nietzsche: da “metafísica de artista” à “fisiologia da arte”(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-26) CARDOSO, Sandro Melo Batalha; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825The dyonysian is one of the notions that can help a greater understanding of the nietzschean aesthetic. In considering the concepts offered by "artist's metaphysics" and by “physiology of art” as particularly relevant for a discussion about this theme, this dissertation intents to investigate how the notion of dyonysian is approached in the course of Nietzsche’s philosophy, more precisely in the transition from the "artist's metaphysics" to the “physiology of art”. In a first instance, the work demonstrates the relationship between the notion of Primordial-One, the Romanticism, the tragic philosophy and the dyonysian that are present in the first phase of Nietzsche's thought. After that, the study presents and discuss the dyonysian in the greek tragedy. That discussion culminates in a theoretical review about the notion of dyonysian: the monistic conception of Dionysus and the idea of ecstasy as a necessary condition of all art. Thereafter, it is also indicated relevant considerations about Nietzsche´s “physiology of art”. On the one hand, it is highlighted the possibility of a artistic transfiguration of existence by the intensification of the will to power, on the other hand, it is indicated the symptoms of art décadence. In conclusion, the intention here is to show that the notion of dyonysian is essential for Nietzsche to develop his concepction about the tragic art based on the "artist's metaphysics" and it is also indispensable in his aesthetic considerations that appears in his project of a "physiology of art".Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estoicismo imperial e estética da existência em a Hermenêutica do sujeito, de Michel Foucault(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-21) SAMPAIO, Ronald Valentim Gomes; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Foucault leitor de Kant: da antropologia à aufklärung(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-30) AUGUSTO, Ricardo Pontieri; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825We followed three stages of Foucault. readings of Kant's work. From 1961 to 1969 Foucault analyzes archaeologically the relationship between the Critical Project and the Anthropology of Kant, highlighting the emergence of the opening the possibility of confusion between the empirical and the transcendental fields, as occurred later with other thinkers. The opening would have emerged in the Kantian anthropological project when he presented the question "What is man?" With the confusion the man, that was a logical instance in critical project, became an empirical-transcendental double and explanatory principle. From 1970-1978 Foucault genealogically investigated the displacement and articulation between the Critical Project and Aufklärung carried out by Kant in response to "What is Aufklärung?" analyzing and defining his actuality as a new attitude of the man who seeks to become rationally autonomous. Foucault points out in Kant's answer a critical attitude conception that would be close to that he himself formulated starting from the research of resistance to transformations of power relations resulting from state governmentalization control processes, where the ancient right of life and death had been replaced by the government of the conduct of individuals in various fields. From the end of the 70s, and still investigating the Kant’s Aufklärung, Foucault proposes that have occurred in the thought of that philosopher the inauguration of two new philosophical traditions: - the Analytical Truth in the wake of the Critical Project and the Critical Ontology of ourselves in the wake of Aufklärung, to the last one he aligns. In the second tradition Kant, in conflict with the perspective of traditional ontology of being, has proposed a new critical ontology when shifted the epistemological-transcendental question "What do I know?" to "What is this happening?", and bringing to the philosophical-historical field new ontological questions about the present, the individual and the transformation processes of men's attitude. The new critical ontology, as Foucault denominated, is for him the foundation of ethical and political attitude of franking limits, unlike Kant tried to establish formal limits that men could not overcome by individual decision.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Michel Foucault: a dimensão política do cuidado de si(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-15) COSTA, Paulo Henrique Pinheiro da; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825In the last works of Michel Foucault, we find a significant turning point in his philosophy, through the study of the Greek notion of “Self-care” (epiméleia heautou). From this new proposal, the philosopher thinks the subject as a builder of himself, which rule their conduct, and transform themselves through exercises, practices and techniques themselves. At the same time, establishes an important unfolding, by making possible the problematization of ethics and political issues of our present. This mood, the dissertation have the objective to study the relation, necessary and fundamental, between self-care and social and political practices.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Nietzsche e a Metaforicidade da Linguagem em “verdade e mentira no sentido extramoral”(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-01) MIRANDA JUNIOR, Edilson; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910This dissertation aims to discuss the metaphoricity of language in the text "Truth and Lie in the Extra-Moral Sense", by Friedrich Nietzsche. On the one hand, it presents the perspective that language is absolutely metaphorical, with the consequence that it is impossible to speak about itself without falling into a self-destructive discourse. On the other hand, there is the perspective that language is only relatively metaphorical and that it is possible, therefore, find an internal coherence in the text. To take stock of the two perspectives, it is necessary to bibliographically analyze the influences on Nietzsche in the making of the text, as well as to situate the relevance of itself in nietzschean philosophy as a whole.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Nietzsche, Kafka e o Niilismo: entre filosofia e literatura(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-03) ARAÚJO, Raul Reís; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825The research aims to analyze the phylosophical term niilism in Nietzsche’s work, from its origin until its developments in the author’s mature thinking. Understanding the decadence process as a niilist, Nietzsche places Socrates as the first thinker of the decadence, that would be perpetuated until the modernity by cristianism, turning the slave type into the model man. We sketch the manner in which Nietzsche aims to overcome this man, by exceeding the values that cultivate him, looking for a healthier new physiopsychological state for the man. To this end, Nietzsche places the will for power at the center of the transvaluation, and the artists as the more capable of creating something, instead of degrade and submit themselves to the value given by the accepted moral. In modernity the bureaucracy receives emphasis in the public functionalism, what inspires Nietzsche to criticize it as another way of leveling and impoverishing life. Kafka then appears in our work as the synthesis of part that Nietzsche understood in his epoch, his diagnosis of the next two hundred years is illustrated through Kafka’s works, that characterize the man as the being sickened by the values which are impossible for him to live or to carry out. For this all the understanding of the artist’s physiology, according to Nietzsche, gives us a comprehension and interpretation of Kafka’s work for beyond its epoch.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A noção de poder no curso A coragem da verdade, de Foucault(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-27) MORAES, Elias de Nazaré; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825In the course The Courage of Truth, Michel Foucault present us a notion of power that is identified by the practices of parresía and ―self-care‖ (epiméleia heautoû), which is dislocated of the genealogic conception where the power appears as force relations, pass through the confession and attend the parresía. In that way, the philosopher analyses the subject who say his truth, constitute himself from beyond and in the relation with the other, which expose parresiasticaly may in the democracy, in the autocracy or through the cynic style of life and search change his practices and values through selftecnologies, making of his life aesthetic of existence. The problematization of self-practices in the ethic-politics campus permiss a self-opening as resistance of modern power assubjectments and the elaboration of a ethic from own self. As that, the dissertation have as objective to understand the notion of power in that course and its possible dislocations in relation of his genealogic period.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Paisagem e retrato: pintura e filosofia em "Humano, demasiado humano" de Nietzsche(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-30) LÉDO, Thiago Moura; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825What is the philosophical orientation that Nietzsche put to himself in Human, All Too Human when he demands such consideration: “The philosophers are used to put themselves in front of life and experience as they were like a painting developed once for all, as a event painted”? In the second volume of the same work there is another aphorismus close to this one: “All the thinkers (philosophers, writers ...) are painters-thinkers (Maler-Denker) that paint their lives, and some of them impose to themselves the “absurd task” to paint „the’ life, in a excessive anxiety. How to caracteriza this position after that? Philosophy and Paiting set a relation that grows in a apropriate oportunity of Human, all too human’s contexto, despite it comes from precedents like the sketch of philosophical portraits in Philosophy in the Greek Tragic Era and the ulterior “Philosophical Autobiography”: the 86‟s Prefaces and Ecce homo. The most importante here is the imagetic and aphorismatic caracterization of Nietzsche‟s works in his “middle and positivist period”. Two ways put bases in this relation between philosophy and painting: 1) the necessity of contextualization grounded in a historical philosophy, 2) together with the moviment of individualization that do not complet a unit, but it constantly transfigure itself. Here one seeks to explain contextualization and individualization, that is, the landscape and portrait are methods of painting that Nietzsche used in philosophy, through the way that both converge to the problems of devir or problems of the historical sense.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Parresia nos cursos de Foucault de 1982-1984: ética, politica e estética(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-01) CORDEIRO FILHO, Flávio de Lima; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910Michel Foucault's work (1926-1984) has a great conceptual scope, covering topics such as Madness, Power and even his debate on Truth. The focus of this dissertation will be his final writings, referring to the years 1982 to 1984, as it is within the courses given at the Collège de France where Foucault will work more specifically on notions of ethics, aesthetics and truth. Michel Foucault makes a return to classical antiquity, however such return has a specific concept in mind: parresia. Parresía is translated by Foucault as “courage of the truth”, “speakout”, “saying everything”, but the focus of the analysis of the French philosopher will be how such concept is deeply linked with the philosophical practice of antiquity, going through since from the political consequences of the use of parresia, the construction of an ethos, which in turn is linked with an aesthetic of the “true-tell”. Foucault will show that the concern with Truth is not only related to the epistemological debate between truth versus falsehood, that is, it is not in the French philosopher's interest to enter into the discussion of what makes a discourse and/or knowledge true. Foucault wants to investigate what makes the subject someone who tells the truth and how he is recognized as one who carries a true discourse. We realize that there is in Foucault a concern for the truth as the subject's trainer, how is frank speaking an influence in the formation of a subject? With that, Foucault claims that he will leave aside the “epistemological structures” to be concerned with the analysis of the “alleturgical forms” of the act of uttering the truth. Foucault will differentiate between “know yourself” and “take care of yourself” both Socratic formulations, however as each will develop and formulate distinct doctrines in the history of philosophy, while the former will hold a In the more epistemological/ metaphysical development of Socratic philosophy, the second will stick to a way of life, that is, a Socratic ethics. However, Foucault points out conditions for effecting parresia, in addition to the need to say everything, there is an urgent need to be a discourse totally linked to the thought of the one who speaks, so it is not merely an artificial speech. That is why the French philosopher says that parresia is not a mere adequacy of speech and thought, as the masters do, it is necessary to take a kind of vital risk, which will hurt and irritate the other, reaching the point of extreme violence, as soon as at the risk of losing the bond with the other. That is why it is important to emphasize the essential difference between rhetoric and parresia, placing the two attitudes in diametrically opposite ways, while one is a speech without any link with the interlocutor and with what is being said, parresia is a connection between the interlocutors , a bond so strong that it sets precedents for the rejection, punishment and revenge of the one who told the truth.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) La política de los sin parte: una lectura desde Jacques Ranciére de las iniciativas y artísticas de las Madres de Soacha en Colombia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-17) BURGOS, Diego Fernando Perez; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825The Jacques Rancière's thought opens a conceptual tools wide arsenal for thinking different scenaries where the dominant power is challenged by initiative. Thus, it is purpose to analyze the facts developed by Madres de Soacha victims' collective in Colombia, bringing in mind the political action horizons (equality, subjectivation, disense, etc.) according to Rancière with the aim of understanding how Madres de Soacha movement encourage and rebuild the memory sense on Colombian society. To achieve this purpose, it is carried out the Rancière political concept, moving notions such as who have not part; equality, disense, subjectivation, and distribution of the sensible). Taking as conductive threads of his political argue the effects of affirmation of equality and the political experience sensitive dimension. By other hand, the purpose pointed out to the particularities of the Colombian armed conflict and one of its most heinous facts: the Falsos Positivos. Then is showed the motivations, procedures and kind of victims left by criminality to light the specific case of Falsos Positivos on Soacha city, their relatives voices, who, under the Madres de Soacha nickname, took a recover path demanding not to leave their sons murdering on impunity. Finally, a matching between the Rancière's thought and the Madres de Soacha intervention It seeks to strength and actualize the work and identity of Madres de Soacha (as excluded, social movement and victims) lighting the impact of the Memory reconstruction on Colombian society.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Sapientia Et Beatitudo: o humano como imago Dei em Santo Agostinho(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-13) SANTOS, Renan Santos dos; FERREIRA FILHO, Pedro Calixto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104971775700240; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910The theme of happiness had already been treated by ancient philosophers. But in the new Christian world that theme emerged with difference and peculiarities. We must pay attention to the peculiarities that in the Middle Ages, in latin language, will be designated by two words for happiness, that is: one of this expression was the word felicitas, what indicate prosperity and fecundity. And the other term was the word beatitudo, that implied the possession of the absolute true, representing a a of kind the ―eternal‖, or ―ultimate‖, or ―final‖ happiness. What assume the idea of ―perfection‖ – the church appropriated the word of greek origin makaría, eudaimonia and materialized in beatitudo (happiness), giving it a meaning beyond the religious that was proper to it, a meaning that was beyond Christian think. But by thinking of the ultimate end of happiness as communion (intimate union) with a God, that new thought of as a gift and, consequently, now conceived as the fullness of goodness. We will defend that, according to Augustine, happiness implies a communion with what one desires as good for oneself and for others. So the individual moves away from misery, because, how could he be happy who lives in the face of what is temporally is unrealizable. For the other and for himself, by himself, the wise man is that one who recognizes his natural weakness, of his weakness. However, the disturbance of the original order leads us to live in the face of the unrealizable, since its will is directed only at things that are impossible and incompatible with its nature. This is the position that defende the young Augustine. Therefore, in this work we will seek to present this whole journey of the human towards happiness, the role that wisdom plays in the configuration of man as an image of God in the trajectory of Augustinian thoughtItem Acesso aberto (Open Access) Soberania e governamentalidade: Foucault, leitor de Rousseau(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-10) BEZERRA, Marco Antonio Correa; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825The general purpose of this work is to show how the legal juridical conception of power in the eighteenth century enabled the wide understanding of the term governmentality as the political strategies were directed to the population control as exposed in the Security, Territory, Population course, taught by Michel Foucault at the Collège de France in 1977-1978. To accomplish such aim, we will start from the critical confrontation that Foucault establishes with the idea of sovereign power within the called Modern State in Jean Jacques Rousseau. From this focus we intend to indicate, initially, that the Genevan philosopher when wrote the entry Political Economy in the Encyclopedia (1755), aims to present the need for an economic and administrative management about people’s possessions and lives, then registers the Social Contract (1762) as a logical extension of his two essays (1749 and 1755). This way, Rousseau seeks to legitimize the members of the society behavior, for this, the citizen need to delegate his individual and particular power towards a general will. In the course mentioned above, Foucault criticizes precisely this notion of sovereignty, because the Frenchman identifies that there is an intermediate body [government] equipped with a legal apparatus that becomes in practice a camouflaged government management, whose main tools are security devices to regulate the population. This idea of a government as a population government uses techniques of power, that is, technological devices to regulate the members of this state, in developing a controlling method under the guise of a discourse for the welfare of the population.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Sofrimento, conhecimento de si e corpo em Schopenhauer(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) TORRES, Joel Neres; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825This research seeks to explain what constitutes the basis of suffering in Schopenhauer's philosophy, especially, in his magnum opus The World as Will and Representation. From a perspective of nature that mirrors the Will in its contradiction itself, go seek their degrees of objectification until reach the "summit" that presents itself in human consciousness, and through it, to understand that the knowledge produced as an appendix to serve as a help to the inherent complexity of this awareness, actually behaves like a "parasite" thus bringing through the path of individuality and body, a consciousness of anxiety and impotence. We seek to explore the reason of the limitation of this theoretical knowledge that faces the will and, in the other hand, explain how the sentimentality as a way of access to the will, in the body, it is presented as a possible solution to the perception of self, in which, if it works in conjunction with the theoretical knowledge, offers a "better consciousness" against the relentless suffering.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A suspensão da empiria estudos sobre a Psicologia da propaganda fascista nos anos 1940: Filosofia, Psicanálise e pesquisa empírica em Theodor Adorno(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-14) LIMA, Victor Hugo Amaro Moraes de; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A tensão entre proximidade e distância no segundo momento do pensamento de Nietzsche(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-22) SILVA, André Diogo Santos da; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825Reflections on proximity and distance occur mainly in the second moment of Nietzsche’s thinking (1876 to 1882), in so far as he developed, around 1879, the idea of “doctrine of the nearest things”, and, some years later, in 1882, the notion of “artistic distance”. However, in this period he also criticizes the idea of opposition, since this concept alludes to a metaphysical philosophy. Another concept found in Nietzschean philosophy that would also express a relation between antagonisms is the idea of tension, which reflects a greater dynamicity. Thus, the problem of the present research consists in the following question: could it be possible to characterize the relation between the concepts of proximity and distance, identified in works belonging to the second moment of Nietzsche’s writings, as a tension, and not only an opposition (in view of the philosopher’s criticism of this idea)? From this general problem, the following specific objectives were established: 1. To delimit the specificity of the tension, mainly from the comparison with the concepts of opposition and antagonism; 2. To characterize proximity through the idea of the “doctrine of nearest things” and other related ideas, especially in the two volumes of Human, all too human and in The Down; 3. Find traces of the concept of distance in the Nietzschean writings, highlighting The Gay Science, a work that contains reflections on “artistic distance”; 4. To justify a tension between the previous concepts, identifying texts where Nietzsche suggests this relation (and not an opposition) between proximity and distance. These four objectives were developed through a bibliographical and historical-philological methodology, focusing mainly on the analysis of Nietzsche’s writings at the second moment of his intellectual production. As one of the results of the present investigation, we highlight the one that points out that the tension between proximity and distance in Nietzsche is observed more intensely, first, in the scope of knowledge – in which the thinker needs, one moment, to approach the object, the next to distance himself from his passionate quest for knowledge – and then, in the sphere of friendship – which differs from a simple “love of neighbor”, for in a high friendship the individual is also capable of distancing himself from his friend.