Dissertações em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (Mestrado) - PPGEAP/NEAP
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3479
O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou em 2007 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (PPGEAP) do Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização da ictiofauna durante o período seco, na Baía do Guajará e Baía do Marajó(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) MELO, Ylana Priscila da Costa; FRÉDOU, Thierry; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8119220407894290The Bay of Guajará and Bay of Marajó coverage area of search and inserted into the context of the estuary Paraense, are characterized by receiving the majority of freshwater discharge and submit macrotidal area. The fishing in this region is of great importance to the economy of several municipalities in the state of Pará, including the capture of several species and different fishing gear and two fleets and technologically distinct (artisanal and industrial). As part of the research study in the Bay of Guajará and Bay of Marajó, it was necessary to contribute with important information related to biology and ecology of the environment, where such information was used to perform the characterization of the fish fauna of the area during the dry period in order to survey the local diversity, since the majority of fish landed in Bethlehem is from these areas through fishing. The study included areas belonging to the state of Pará, covering the port terminals Bay of Guajará and Bay of Marajó. An extra collection was performed in the area of the island of Mosqueiro. The data available so far do not show differentiation in the composition of the fauna of the areas studied. It was estimated a total of 37 fish species, accounting for 4379 individuals in the Bay of Guajará Bay of Marajó and Mosqueiro island, where the family was more representative Scianidade grouping species that contributed the most, which were: Hake (Plagioscion squamosissimus) and Curuca (Stellifer rastrifer) (assumed to be constant, ie, effectively making up the fish fauna of the place in the bay of Guajará, as in the bay of Marajó and the island of Mosqueiro). Among the 37 species, 4 were considered constant, 26 were occasional white and 7 catches. Hake (Plagioscion squamossisimus) and Curuca (Stellifer microps) were the most important species for fisheries in terms of catch per unit effort (CPUE), frequency of occurrence, and relative contribution of Simper analysis (multivariate). Being only the island of Mosqueiro that stood out: Mackerel (Pellona flavipinis), because of marine influence in this area is higher, which thus characterizes the local biota and distinguish it from other regions. Overall diversity was low with greater variations, and the evenness remained free of major difference between the areas. The area had low species diversity compared to other estuaries, mainly explained by the high hydrodynamic of the area and high flow vessels, making the environment inhospitable to the emergence of some species. More emphasis has earned the bay of Guajará has great ecological importance because it is considered as the nursery, and therefore economical, as there are commercial species that spend part of their life cycle there.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A ictiofauna e a atividade pesqueira na Ilha das Onças, Barcarena - Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) TORRES, Danielly Gurjão; FRÉDOU, Thierry; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8119220407894290The Onças Island is one of the many islands that are on the left bank of the Guajará Bay, known mainly by the presence of palm tree that produces açaí as fruit (Euterpe oleracea) and the importance that its channels represent for the regional navigation. Among the main channels that make up the island, stands the Piramanha Channel, which crosses the Onças Island. The composition and distribution of the icthyofauna in this island is not well known, on that basis, this study aimed to describe the species in the region and its use for the environment and the importance they have for the local population. Fisheries were conducted quarterly in accordance with the climatic periods with block net in the river creek and gill nets in the channel. At the time of the sampling, abiotic data were recorded in situ (pH, salinity, temperature), with no results differences between the periods. Were captured 1177 individuals from 20 families, most of which were Aspredinidae, Sciaenidae and Pimelodidae, distributed in 39 species identified (27 in the channel and 26 in the river creek). The species were mostly constant (FO> 75%), and diversity was similar over time, with no dominant species in any period. The W statistics show disturbed environments, in the rainiest months of March and December, however, in them were also reported the greatest abundance (CPUEn and CPUEb), indicating that this analysis may not be suitable for environments where there is dominance of small individuals, causing a natural abundance, be confused with an exchange of dominance. Multivariate analysis showed that the environments are significantly different, mainly by numerical abundance of A. aspredo in the channel, and P. squamosissimus in the river creek, which together with the L. dorsalis, the H. marginatus, the A. aff. ucayalensis form the main species on the island. In the main channel were collected mostly estuarine especies, which feed mainly on zoobenthos and fish, and in the river creek, there was dominance of freshwater species, whose food preferences change over the year, apparently according to the rainfall. Generally the species are small and mediumsized (CT <30 cm), immature (mostly in stage A) and feed in a period of one year at least. Despite the favorable environment for fishing, 90% of residents has the açaí as its main source of income, and fishing as a secondary source, depending on harvest periods of açaí. The main fishing gear is the shrimp trap, that targets the Amazon shrimp (Macrobachium amazonicum), followed by gill net and block net, that targets species are mostly caught in the same abundance in this study. For small and low economic value, fishing on the island is mainly performed as a supplementary source of protein, since the intense fishing activity and disturbance caused by vessels further diminish this number.