Dissertações em Geologia e Geoquímica (Mestrado) - PPGG/IG

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2604

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica (PPGG) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Análise comparativa hidroambiental das bacias do Una e da Estrada Nova, em Belém-PA, e suas implicações socioeconômicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-26) LEÃO, Eduardo Araujo de Souza; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
To evaluate the effectiveness of public interventions in relation to changing social dynamics and improve the quality of life of a population is necessary to the built and application of social indicators in monitoring public management, especially when dealing with large environmental interventions. As much as these indicators are mapped, the vast majority of environmental studies where these interventions occur, the government has dedicated itself or if it does not perform and monitor efficiently the behavior of these indicators over time. In Belém, the floods in urban areas pose a serious problem for most of the municipality, especially when involving densely occupied areas, at which generate considerable damage and often irreparable, even with losses of human lives. Flooding has been a problem during periods of frequent rainfall, both in the oldest areas of the city and consolidated, as in the areas of urban sprawl, a fact compounded by soil sealing, occupation of wetlands and removal of riparian vegetation, which hinders the infiltration rainwater. Due to these environmental factors and the inattention of government in providing social amenities and physical interventions in the area of the metropolis, populations that occupy the most vulnerable parts of the city of Belém, in general have a poor quality of life, as regards the issue of the environment in which they live. In order to comparatively evaluate two different realities and really consider whether public intervention was effective and efficient and from the same include as practical application of social indicators in monitoring the public administration, was used as case for this research performed by government intervention state in the basin of Una, where he was executed the deployment of Macro Drainage Basin of Una and services contemplated drinking water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage and road system, compared with the intervention of the municipal government to bowl Estrada Nova, running, with the deployment of these services. To develop the research, the study gathered data and information collected in the basin of Una and projected future scenarios for the basin of Estrada Nova, using the same indicators. These indicators in this study were also addressed and strengthened with a hydrogeological assessment of the two basins, the analysis of quality of surface and groundwater, consideration of the incidence of waterborne diseases, the vulnerability of aquifers, configured together in a GIS specifically built for it, with the aim of evaluating the criticality of spatialization basins and identify which areas need more attention or have the best results. The study demonstrated that the physical and socioeconomic study of the two basins are similar and after the intervention in the basin of Una, any kind of indicator was monitored with a view to demonstrate the effectiveness of the intervention. The study also showed that health indicators linked to waterborne (why the intervention was also made) chosen for monitoring before and after the intervention, have partially direct connections to the environmental quality of the basin, but many indicators not could be chosen by the lack of government data. The vulnerability of the aquifer top is also concern in some quarters, in that much of the population obtains its supplies from this aquifer, which has its recharge provided, in part, by draining channels of Belém, known holders of very bad quality indices its waters and can even be characterized as true open sewers. The drainage channels and creeks of Belém, are thus responsible for directing this excess sewage into the Bay of Guajará and river Guamá through interconnection with those that have physiographic elements. Because the city has much of its area located in quotas of up to 4 meters, which is also the average annual tidal amplitude regional, these areas are subject to flooding. By way of consequence throughout the upper aquifer is vulnerable to infiltration of contaminated water channels, which in times of floods are dammed increasing the residence time in them,. The research now being evaluated scenarios and presentation indicators, this reality, leaving open the need to be constructed and monitored indicators other than the act of evaluating the effectiveness of public intervention can be more consistent. Finally the study also notes that several indicators could not be considered in the study due to insufficient and the quality of data provided by the government.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição ao conhecimento das formações Barreiras Pirabas utilizando-se ferramentas da análise estrutural com vistas à aplicação em hidrogeologia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-17) SILVA, Larissa Silva e; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
The existence of hydraulic connection between Barreiras and Pirabas aquifers systems in the northeast area of the State of Pará, more specifically in the metropolitan region of Belém - RMB has been raised, a few years ago, by different authors from the application of various analytical techniques. This work presents further contribution to this theme, that has been aggregated to the data and to the information obtained from the use of structural analysis tools, to understand the groundwater flow mechanism and recharge conditions, which takes place in area under consideration. The work was performed from the databases on existing wells in private and public agencies. The performed structural analysis considered the geometric-kinematic elements present in the mentioned water systems and it advanced in the knowledge of the tectonic processes that have led to the conformation of the geometric arrangement present in the area, considered essentially as neotectonic. It was found that the development of brittle tectonic structures, especially holes, printed on regional rocks that enclose the water systems, leading to spatial composition of morpho-structural blocks arrangements horsts and grabens limited preferably by the NE and SW discontinuities resulting from the interaction of normal faults with strike-slip faults. The boundaries of these blocks, always marked by failures allow the interconnection of the movement of water from aquifers of different spatial positions systems, sustained by the principle of communicating vessels, the elapsing the mixture of water contained in each one of them individually. So it is impossible to keep the model advocated by several authors in the literature of regional aquifer confinement. On the other hand, the development of potentiometric maps and flow in regions of sedimentary rocks, where it is called homogeneous media, as this case is of the RMB cannot be done without considering the structural analysis, geometry and kinematics, otherwise it would be misunderstood in the preparation of such results and mistaken hydrogeological interpretation. Thus, it is necessary to review the methodologies for the preparation of these important instruments in order to obtain more precise results on the flow mechanisms, recharge and discharge of water systems which has been developed and answered in this work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo tectono-sedimentar da Bacia de Jaibaras, na região entre as cidades de Pacujá e Jaibaras, noroeste do estado do Ceará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1996-04-22) QUADROS, Marcos Luiz do Espírito Santo; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
Studies carried out in southwestern portion of the Jaibaras Basin in the area of the 300 km², situated between the Pacujá and Jaibaras towns, northwest region of Ceará State, including geological mapping in 1:25,000 scale, faciologic, petrographic and structural analysis of the Pacujá and Aprazível formations, allowed a better visualization of spatial distribution of these units, as well as the characterization of their depositional environment, structural pattern and, at last to take considerations about the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Jaibaras Basin. The Pacujá Formation is characterized by a folded and faulted volcanosedimentary sequence without fossils, made of rhythmic interlayers of fine arkosian sandstones to siltistones with pelites, occurring in tabular decimeter thick beds, laterally continuous, showing abrupt base and upward gradation to siltistones. The sandstones could be massive or stratified, showing planar lamination, micro-hummocky cross lamination, climbing wave -ripple cross lamination, locally parting lineation and convolute lamination. On the top of the sandstone beds occur symetrical and assymetrical wavy-ripples. Pelites show planar lamination and mudcracks. Interlayered with Pacujá Formation sediments occur volcanic and subvolcanic rocks (basalts, andesites, dacites and ryolites), at the form sills, dikes and flows, associated with volcaniclastic rocks, included on the Parapuí Suite. The environment of the Pacujá Formation was characterized as lacustrine with volcanism associated, subjected to storm-wave action, proved by the occurrence of microhummocky cross lamination.The rhythmics interlayering of sandstones and pelites characterizes tempestites cycles, usually incomplete. However, marine environment must be assoc iated, but unfortunately the field datas is insufficient to define this environments. In the Jaibaras Basin setting, Pacujá Formation represents the first deposicional pulse that extend from Neoproterozoic era to Cambrian period. This sedimentation occurred in an area wider than Jaibaras Basin out of their present boundaries. The Pacujá Formation shows a complex fold pattern, that resulted from superimposed folding, with geometric shapes similar to type 1 interference pattern - “domes and basins”, and kinks folds. This folding could be related to transpression in ductile -brittle regime, linked to the northest-southwest sinistral strike -slip system in the Eopaleozoic era, that caused a weak inversion of the Jaibaras Basin. The Aprazível Formation comprises a thin sedimentary sequence, faulted and tilted to southeastern on the whole, unconformably covering the Pacujá Formation. It is made of polymitic conglomerates, with clast-supported and matrix -supported framework, massive or stratified, with volcanic, gneiss, granite, rocks calcissilicatic, quartz, amphibolite, rhyolite, marble, mylonite, siltistone and sandstone clasts, varying in size from granules to boulders. The matrix is coarse to very coarse sandy arkosean, locally microconglomeratic. To a lesser proportion, occurs medium to very coarse grained arkosean sandstones, locally stratified, and intercalations of laterally continuos beds of arkosean sandstones and laminated pelites with mudcracks in surfaces of the beds. These sandstones show planar lamination, climbing-ripple cross lamination, and locally trough cross-bedding and convolute lamination. In the surface of sandstone beds, there are, occasionally, symetrical and assymetrical wave-ripples. The depositional environment of the Aprazível Formation was characterized as alluvial fan/plain, dominated by debris-flows and stream-flows, prograding distally over small lacustrine bodies. The tilting of the Aprazível Formation beds to southeastern, is a results from rotation of blocks, due to an extensional axis in the northwest-southeast direction, acting in Ordovician period, that controlled the deposition of Aprazível Formation in the area between Sobral-Pedro II and Café -Ipueiras shear zones. The Aprazível Formation represents the second and last depositional pulse that occurred in the Jaibaras Basin in the Ordovician period, in a more restrict depositional area, controled by Sobral-Pedro II e Café-Ipueiras shear zones. Its deposition occurred in a time interval between the post-Pacujá sequence and Meruoca Suite Granites, and pre-Serra Grande Group sequence of the Parnaiba Basin.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos geológicos na faixa de alto grau de Cariré, noroeste do estado do Ceará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1996-06-13) FERREIRA, Marcos Aurélio Araújo; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evolução geológica da região nordeste do estado do Pará com base em estudos estruturais e isotópicos de granitóides
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-07-04) PALHETA, Edney Smith de Moraes; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ferramentas multidisciplinares aplicadas à cartografia geológica: o exemplo da Folha Sobral – CE (SA-24-Y-D-IV)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-10-20) SANTOS, Márcia Valadares dos; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
The northwestern region of Ceará includes land belonging to areas Médio Coreaú and Central Ceará of Borborema Province. Studies in this region, which fits Sobral Sheet (SA. YD-24-IV) scale of 1:100,000, sought to contribute to the advancement of geological knowledge of the region and this was done initially to systematize data and pre-existing geological information from an extensive body of work carried out by IG / UFPA, since the 1980s. Digital images (Landsat-5/TM and SRTM) also had been used. About the image in digital format (Landsat) were applied techniques for enhancement, filtering, processing by principal components and IHS transformation, which helped supplement the results of visual interpretation. The airborne data Project Rio Acaraú 1974 were processed using the software Montaj Oasis, and was basically in the interpolation of data (125m), micro generation and the themes processed. For magnetic data, were generated images of the anomalous magnetic field, derived from the horizontal (dx and dy) and vertical (dz), amplitude of the horizontal gradient analytic signal amplitude and slope of the analytical signal. Data airborne gama-ray spectrometry was possible to generate images of the channels of K, U, Th and CT images and ternary (RGB and CMY). The interpretation of the products of remote sensing and airborne geophysics, geological mapping associated with the scale of 1:100,000 Sheet Sobral allowed characterization of the pattern of Lito-structural region. Based on the objectives in this research and the methodology for its implementation were produced a geological map enriched with the contribution of geometric elements revealed by integrated analysis of all products considered, as well as other thematic maps. The work demonstrates the importance of using images from remote sensing and airborne integrated data digitally as important tools for geological mapping, making the maps produced richer and more reliable also providing information that may be available for fast since all products resulting from this work are in digital format.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência da neotectônica sobre os arranjos geométricos dos aquíferos na Região Metropolitana de Belém – Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-08-31) COSTA, Francisco Ribeiro da; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
The metropolitan area of Belém (RMB) is located in a distensive segment filled by sedimentary sequences of Pirabas and Barreiras Formations (COSTA et al., 1996) which constitute one of greater ground water reservoir of Brazil (Oliveira, 2003). The aim of this work is to offer information about these aquifers units thorough using data from geology, geometry and cinematic, hydrogeology and morph tectonic, to comprehend the evolution of these units in space and time. Databank used in this work was obtained from: (1) field data; (2) information of well drilling; (3) topographic maps in scal1 1:100,000; (4) Landsat 7 images; (5) SRTM – Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission; and (6) GIS – Geographic Information System of RMB, Guajará and Marajó Bay. Softwares SPRING, Arc View and Global Mapper were used to process and treatment of data and images. Two main scales were used in this study: (1) a regional scale 1:100,000 evolving maps of Belém, Acará and Abaetetuba giving a total of 10,635 km2; and (2) a semi detail scale 1:25,000 adjusted at RMB with total of 1, 929 km2. Morph tectonic analysis showed three geomorphologic domains: Fluvial Plain Terrain, Terrain of Hills and Terrain of Small Mountains. The directions of topographic elements of terrain are compatible with the directions of the drainage net. The analysis of drainage net gave five main basin domains: (1) Coastal; (2) Marapanim River; (3) Guamá River; (4) Acará-Moju River; and (5) Pará River. Thorough this analysis was identified and defined neotectonic elements represented for lineaments from each hydrographic basin, with general directions NE-SW, NW-SE and NNE-SSW in regional scale. The RMB shows main directions in NE-SW and NW-SE with secondary trends WNW-ESE. Using projection and extension of lineaments presents in RMB, was possible to draw a two-dimensional model, which form three-dimensional blocks. Were defined two kinds of sectors based on distinct aspects of blocks. Sector I is located in southeast and Sector II is in northeast portion of RMB. There are kinematics variations in these two sectors. Sector I has dextral moving with stretching direction NW-SE and normal faults NE-SW. In the Sector II the cinematic is sinistral with stretching direction NW-SE and normal faults NE-SW associated. 4 Correlation between water wells located in different blocks proved that geologic layers present in both blocks have distinct attitudes, probably influenced by neotectonic processes. In Sector I, the gradient is moderate 1/180 m/m in the other hand Sector II has gradient 5x bigger 1/30 m/m. The different values on gradient suggest that Sector I and II are distinct with regarding to the slope of layers. With treatment integrated of information obtained was possible to establish the stretching direction for Pirabas-Barreiras Basin in NW-SE. Normal faults related to the development of basin have trends NE-SW. These structures are potential surfaces of low pressure, being favorable places to recharging of aquifers intercepted by its. So it is necessary to be worried about the possibility of pollution in these aquifers by human activity in these places of recharge. Since the recharge areas are exposed to urban or agricultural purposes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neotectônica e estruturação dos sistemas hidrogeológicos da região de Castanhal/Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-05-13) BANDEIRA, Iris Celeste Nascimento; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
The morphstructural and hydrogeological studies done in two distinct scales, 1:100,000 and 1:25,000, in Castanhal City (PA), the advance on the understanding of the relation between geometric elements of hydrogeological systems and structural elements related to neotectonic events as a base to determine, among other aspects, potential recharge areas of these systems, was allowed. The morphstructural study supported by collected geophysical data showed that the area has a structural control related to a neotectonic pulse responsible for the reactivation of NW-SE-, NE-SW, NS and EW direction failures, which caused anomalies and changes in drainage patterns, and conditioned the establishment of terrain units where river plains, pediplanizadas hills and top-flattened hills jut out. These failures can become compatible in a system of efforts, which generated a geometric formation characterized by tectonic blocks limited by such failures, as well as a kinematic framework of dextral configuration, where in an explicit way extension failures were formed in the NW-SE direction, consolidating important flumes for the recharge of hydrogeological systems. The area is composed of three hydrogeological systems: Superior, characterized as free and found at depths from 2 to 8m; Barreiras varying from free and semiconfined and found from 20m depth, and Pirabas characterized as confined and found at depths from 90 to 120m. These systems present variable depths related to the displacement caused by neotectonics failures. From the confined hydrogeologics systems (Pirabas) to the semi-confined ones (Barreiras) are being largely recharged in the area of Castanhal by natural flumes which are the areas of extension failures and fractures of NW – SE direction. The recharging of the free hydrogeological systems (Superior and Barreiras) occurs by direct precipitation from the rain water in the central-west portion of the study area, in other words, near Couro do Curió river and in the northeast portion near Defunto river.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A viabilidade econômica e técnica da utilização de poços tubulares para o abastecimento de água na região de Belém e Ananindeua
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-10-31) KOURY, Felipe de Souza Moitta; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
In the next decades, the economic development and the stability politics of the nations they will be on to the water availability candy in its territories. The water will be a so important product how much the oil or the technology and its scarcity or abundant can will provoke the start of unexpected conflicts in scale. This problem has as initial step for its good solution, the complete knowledge of the hydrologic cycle, that will technical allow to an evaluation correct insurance and of the availability of the hidrics resources of a region. And an important part is to understand what it happens with the ground waters, that are without doubt the part most unknown of the related cycle. E also to know the availability of the water-bearing systems and the quality of its waters is primordial for the establishment of one politics of management of ground water. The full exploitation of the underground hydrics resources depends on hydrogeological comments, analyses and conclusions that more allow the captation of the water in the adjusted places in depth terms, outflow and quality of the water. In such a way, the stages of the developed work had been the following ones: characteristics of the hydroclimatic and meteorological picture, evaluation of the geologic units, register in cadastre of deep tubular wells, chemical analysis of waters of the water-bearing ones of the region, evaluation of the degree of vulnerability of ground waters, calculate of the hydrics reserves and economic comparison enters ground water and superficial water for choice of the source to be caught for the system of public supplying. The population of Belém esteem for the year of 2006 is of 1.444.618 habitants, distributed in an area of 210 km² and for Ananindeua 488.106 habitants, in a 184 area of km². The climate of the region is equatorial humid, of the Af type, and the hydric crocking indicates that in the period of January the September has water excess in the ground, what results in superficial draining and infiltration of this water in the ground, and that in the months of October and November has water deficiency in the ground. The waters of the free aquifer are acids, presenting pH between 3,4 and 5,7, low electric condutivit. Are labeled chloride sodium or bicarbonate sodium. The waters of the Pirabas aquifer are of excellent quality and are classified as bicarbonated calcic, alkaline and present high values of electric condutivit, hardness and alkalinity of bicarbonate. The Pirabas aquifer configures as the best option for ground water exploration, having wells between 250 and 350 meters of depth, they supply the outflows of 250 up to 380 m³/h, being for these characteristics the most indicated for public supplying. The degree of vulnerability of the Pirabas aquifer is considered low to neglecter, due to thickness of the zone not saturated and the lytologics and structural characteristics, being more protected of the infiltration of contaminantes and therefore less vulnerable to the pollution. The region of Belém and Ananindeua has reserve total of ground water of 10,71 billion cubical meters in the year, and a reserve of exploration of 134,7 million cubical meters in the year, represents all regulating reserve more 30% of the permanent reserve in the 50 years. The per capita underground hydric availability is of 190 liters/day. As the addition of the demand until the year of 2025 it is of 57,03 million cubical meters of water in the year, will be necessary to take care of to this addition the construction of 65 deep wells with outflow measured of 250 m³/h, operating in a regimen of bombardment of 16 hours in the day or then 52 wells if the regimen of bombardment will be of 20 hours in the day. Being also that the necessary investment for the construction of these wells will be made title throughout this period of 20 years. Since the price of the cubical meter of groundwater is 33.60% cheaper than the superficial water, then this option if configures as the most indicated to take care of the public supplying. Considering the raised hypotheses, it can be concluded that ground water use proceeding from the Pirabas aquifer is the best option for magnifying of the system of water supply for the region of Belém and Ananindeua. A time that the decision taken for the COSANPA was of magnifying of the system of water supply of Belém and Ananindeua from superficial waters the this option alone will be applicable after 2025, where for the estimates of population growth the system will need magnifying again.

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