Dissertações em Ciências Ambientais (Mestrado) - PPGCA/IG
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2855
O Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências Ambientais teve início em 2005 e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais (PPGCA) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em parceria com o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) e a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA/Amazônia Oriental).
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Navegando Dissertações em Ciências Ambientais (Mestrado) - PPGCA/IG por Orientadores "ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Fluxo de CO2 em cultivo da palma de óleo com híbridos interespecíficos (Elaeis guineensis Jacq x Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés) no Leste da Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-27) FONSECA, Luiz Carlos Neves da; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de; lattes.cnpq.br/6188087583954899Terrestrial ecosystems are important for the CO2 exchange between surface and atmosphere. The objective of this paper was to characterize the daily and seasonal variation of CO2 flux in oil palm cultivation with interspecific hybrid (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. x Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés) in eastern Amazonia. The study was carried out at Marborges Agroindústria S.A., Moju - Pará, where a micrometeorological tower was installed to obtain meteorological and CO2 data from January to December of 2015. The wet season (1.974 mm) covered the months of January-June and December (P > 150 mm month-1) and the dry season (345 mm) included the months of July-November (P < 150 mm month-1). The average daily values of CO2 concentration [CO2] were lower and average night values were higher, mainly at levels below the canopy (5.8; 2.1; 0.5 m). The average daily values of CO2 uptake peaked at noon, with 22.3 (± 0.98) μmol m-2 s-1 in the wet season and 21.0 (± 0.47) μmol m-2 s-1 in the dry season. There was little nocturnal variation in the average values of CO2 emission, 5 (± 0.20) μmol m-2 s-1, in wet and dry seasons, by oil palm cultivation with interspecific hybrid. Generally, the daily CO2 exchange cycle presented a slight difference between the wet and dry season, even in drought year in eastern Amazonia.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Potencial do sequestro de carbono em plantio de dendezeiros para compensar a emissões de gases de efeito estufa no processo produtivo de óleo de palma.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-24) CHINGUEL LABAN, Duber Orlando; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0719395243841543; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-8822; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6188087583954899; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-5087Currently, the oil palm plantations are expanding in the Brazilian Amazon, where there are the optimal conditions for their development. The limitation of culture is an important factor for the maintenance of primary areas in the Amazon. Therefore, to know the characteristics of the culture within a productive context it is necessary to apply methodologies that help the executors of the companies to take into account the carbon emissions of the product. Some studies have been adopting methodologies to determine the greenhouse gas emissions emitted in the palm oil production process, through life cycle assessment applications. In this scenario, this work estimated the carbon stocks in the hybrid palm Interspecific (HIE) (Elaeis oleifera cortés x Elaeis guineensis jacq) over 25 years (productive time of the palm) and later to inventory greenhouse gas emissions from the palm oil production process at Marborges SA. The values show to hybrid palm oil, a carbon sequestration of 0.49 Mt CO2 in 25 years and emissions from the productive process are recorded at 0.39 Mt CO2eq. In addition, it was estimated that in the native vegetation areas of the company, the sequestration registered 4.5 Mt CO2, more than the palm plantations. Finally, it can be concluded that within the environmental context the compensation of the gases emitted in the production process of palm oil should happen in pasture areas only or areas without vegetation allied to the maintenance of the native vegetation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Potencial do sequestro de carbono em plantios de dendezeiros para compensar as emissões de gases de efeito estufa no processo produtivo de óleo de palma(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-24) LABAN, Duber Orlando Chinguel; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca deCurrently, the oil palm plantations are expanding in the Brazilian Amazon, where there are the optimal conditions for their development. The limitation of culture is an important factor for the maintenance of primary areas in the Amazon. Therefore, to know the characteristics of the culture within a productive context it is necessary to apply methodologies that help the executors of the companies to take into account the carbon emissions of the product. Some studies have been adopting methodologies to determine the greenhouse gas emissions emitted in the palm oil production process, through life cycle assessment applications. In this scenario, this work estimated the carbon stocks in the hybrid palm Interspecific (HIE) (Elaeis oleifera cortés x Elaeis guineensis jacq) over 25 years (productive time of the palm) and later to inventory greenhouse gas emissions from the palm oil production process at Marborges SA. The values show to hybrid palm oil, a carbon sequestration of 0.49 Mt CO2 in 25 years and emissions from the productive process are recorded at 0.39 Mt CO2eq. In addition, it was estimated that in the native vegetation areas of the company, the sequestration registered 4.5 Mt CO2, more than the palm plantations. Finally, it can be concluded that within the environmental context the compensation of the gases emitted in the production process of palm oil should happen in pasture areas only or areas without vegetation allied to the maintenance of the native vegetation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Trocas turbulentas noturnas de CO2 entre a floresta de Uatumã, Amazonas, e a atmosfera(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-04) MAFRA, Ana Carolina Batista; SÁ, Leonardo Deane de Abreu; lattes.cnpq.br/0107976161469463; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de; lattes.cnpq.br/6188087583954899We study the nocturnal boundary layer - NBL above an area of primary tropical forest northeast of the state of Amazonas, the Sustainable Development Reserve of Uatumã, distant 15 km of the Uatumã River, located about 380 km northeast of the city of Manaus, Amazonas. It is intended to determine some of the characteristics of the NBL, particularly nocturnal turbulence regimes by identifying the differences related to vertical exchanges of CO2, according to the methodology proposed by Sun et al. (2012). Fast response data will be used for the atmospheric scalar and vector quantities, as CO2 concentration and wind speed, respectively. The methodology allows characterization of NBL in three regimes of dynamic stability: 1) weak turbulence, mean low wind speed; 2) strong turbulence, with high wind speed, and 3) intermittent turbulence events with "top -down ". From this characterization, we have investigated some of the main statistical characteristics of each turbulent regime. As would be expected, the turbulent fluxes of CO2 increases with the characteristic scale of turbulent velocity, VTKE, associated with turbulent kinetic energy measured above the forest canopy. The CO2 exchange increases considerably with the regime 2,with higher values of the mean wind speed, | V |, and with the occurrence of strong mixing in the atmospheric boundary layer, ABL, not predominantly generated by surface forcings .Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Variabilidade espaço temporal do efluxo de CO2 do solo associado a fatores abióticos em cultivo de híbridos(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-27) SILVA, Cleyriane Miranda da; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0719395243841543; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6188087583954899The palmicultura or palm culture cultivates the species oleaginous popularly known for palm oil. Knowing the environmental effects of this culture mainly through the trials analyzed interspecific hybrids (Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera) is of paramount importance, since they are the ones planted by the Pro Dendê in an area of high incidence of AF in Brazil. The overall objective is to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of the stock of roots and soil CO2 efflux in interspecific hybrid cultivation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera) in the eastern Amazon. The field surveys were conducted on property belonging to the company Marborges Agroindústria S.A., located in Bacuriteua village in the municipality of Moju - Pará. In the area four plots were selected with a total of 32 points spread across basic sites called, third, middle sheet, and stacking carrier. The determination of the stock of roots was made by auger technique in depth range of 0-10 cm in January, April, July and October, being washed, separated, dried and weighed to the dry weight in the laboratory. For soil CO2 efflux used an infrared gas analyzer LI-COR 6400-09 coupled to a dynamic camera, and a thermometer were measured in which the soil temperature. There data for obtaining gravimetric moisture, carbon and nitrogen in the soil. In the results related to the root biomass was reduced in percentage with increasing diameter class, for the frequencies of distributions root biomass, none of the classes study differed statistically or for the period, and not to the sampling site, so for this study no definitive conclusions can be made about how much influence the spatial variability in the stock of roots. The results presented show that there was no significant difference in the concentration of soil organic carbon and nitrogen or in between the collection sites. Statistical analysis confirmed that there was no satisfactory answer to the correlation between the CO2 efflux and temperature, only a correlation between the efflux of CO2 and humidity.