Dissertações em Ciências Ambientais (Mestrado) - PPGCA/IG
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2855
O Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências Ambientais teve início em 2005 e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais (PPGCA) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em parceria com o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) e a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA/Amazônia Oriental).
Navegar
Navegando Dissertações em Ciências Ambientais (Mestrado) - PPGCA/IG por Orientadores "BARLOW, Bernard Josiah"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
- Resultados por página
- Opções de Ordenação
Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A influência do fomento florestal nos aspectos ambientais e socioeconômicos em estabelecimentos rurais na Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-01) FERREIRA, Amanda Estefânia de Melo; PARRY, Luke Thomas Wyn; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3567943056179690; BARLOW, Bernard Josiah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8559847571278134Amazonia possesses some of the highest levels of biodiversity the planet, and has a population of 25.469.352 million inhabitants. It is threatened by agricultural expansion edge effects and logging, increasing its sensitivity to the forest fires. Investments in perennial agriculture, tree plantations, and fire sensitive products could diminish the use of fire and the risk of wildfires. In recent year, large companies have incentivized smallholders to plant trees on their land, in a practice known as fomento florestal. This could have both negative and positive effects for the establishments that get involved, influencing the quality of life of the families, changing income, and promoting the permanence of the producer’s agriculture, and incorporating technical assistance and the transfer of technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of fomento florestal based on eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Urograndis), assessing the environmental and socioeconomics parameters in agricultural establishments in Amazonia. The implantation of perennial and fire-sensitive trees did not alter the use of the fire, and it even increased the fire use in the areas around the participating smallholdings. Another important aspect was the advance of forestry in the areas of secondary vegetation, culture and pastures, which in turn may have stimulated agricultural expansion in areas of forests. In socioeconomics terms, half of the interviewed particpants had presented per capita income less than half of the minimum wage. Fomento florestal offers low remuneration of manual labour and could even jeopardize future food security and agricultural income. However, it also appears to improve the social interactions in the between agriculturalists and increases capitalization by nine compared to not fomented. Overall, this study contributes to the debate about the politics of development in agricultural landscapes in AmazoniaItem Acesso aberto (Open Access) Relação entre diâmetro do caule e espessura da casca das árvores amazônicas e sua implicação na resistência ao fogo(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-28) GAMA, Valter Thiago Pantoja da; FERREIRA, Joice Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1679725851734904; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-2341; BARLOW, Bernard Josiah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8559847571278134The characteristics of plants are important for understanding their functions and relationships with the environment and the functioning of ecosystems. Tropical forests, such as the Amazon, are important for promoting ecosystem services that are important for maintaining biodiversity and human well-being. However, these forests are facing major threats due to human interference, especially climate change and forest fires. Therefore, given this scenario, research focused on forest resistance to disturbance regimes can help in the monitoring and conservation processes of this type of biome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between stem diameter at breast height (DBH) and bark thickness in tropical Amazonian forests, in order to identify the significance of the relationship between these variables and the possible effects on the degree of forest resistance to fire. The study was carried out using forest inventory data from 21 plots in the Lower Tapajós, in the Eastern Amazon - PA. In order to assess the relationship between DBH and bark thickness, data from 11 botanical families was used in a GLMM (Generalized Linear Mixed Effect Models). The relationship between the variables was significant, with an overall explanatory power of 34% for DBH over thickness, and considering the variation between botanical families, this power increased to 50%. Our results show that of the 11 botanical families studied, only half have trees with bark thick enough to be considered resistant (17-23 mm). In addition, in order to consider trees with or without resistance potential, we analyzed bark thickness at a minimum DBH of 10 cm and the increase in bark thickness as DBH increased. Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae and Burseraceae stood out as being more prone to fire mortality. Therefore, considering the high distribution of individuals belonging to these families in the Amazon and the current scenario of forest degradation, ecological impacts and climate change, this work raises insights into the Amazon's forest vulnerability to burning regimes, and the importance of its conservation for climatic conditions on a local and global scale.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Variação intraespecífica de características funcionais de espécies arbóreas ao longo de um gradiente de degradação florestal no leste da Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-28) CORDEIRO, Amanda Cardoso Nunes; FERREIRA, Joice Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1679725851734904; BARLOW, Bernard Josiah; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8559847571278134Degradation of tropical forests has been intensified by anthropogenic activities such as fires and predatory logging, which are associated with a number of land use changes. As a result, in the tropical region, some 156 million hectares of forest degradation were detected during the period. There are only 10.3 million hectares of degraded forests in the Amazon alone. Given the magnitude and expansion of forest degradation in the region, it is very important to understand the resilience of vegetation to changes caused by environmental changes. Studies of functional diversity allow us to investigate the mechanisms used for plant survival and persistence that determine the resilience of ecosystems. In this work, we hypothesized that the species of arboreal plants of the Amazon are responding to the pressures of forest degradation through the variability of their functional traits. Therefore, it is expected that in more disturbed environments, the plants present greater variability of their functional traits, as a strategy of adaptation and survival, in face of the changes generated by the forest degradation. In this way, the objective of this study is to investigate if species of arboreal plants present intraspecific variability of their functional traits along a gradient of degradation in response to the alterations caused by the disturbances in the forest. The study was carried out in Santarém, Eastern Amazonia, in a landscape that varies between the classes of undisturbed forest (n = 5), logging forest (n = 5), logging and burned forest (n = 5) and secondary forest (n = 5). The tree species that contributed 80% of the basal area of each of the twenty plots of study, n = 268, were selected. Among the most abundant species, those that presented at least 4 individuals in two or more forest classes were evaluated. In total, three hundred and four individuals and twenty-one tree species were evaluated. Six functional traits were measured: leaf and petiole thickness, specific leaf area, leaf area, leaf dry-matter content and bark thickness were performed based on protocols established in the literature. The secondary density of the wood collected from the global wood density database (DRYAD) was used as secondary data. In this work, sixteen of the twenty - one species studied showed no significant variation of their functional traits between forest class pairs and 5 presented significant differences for leaf thickness, petiole thickness, leaf area and specific leaf area. The functional traits dry leaf matter and bark thickness did not show variations between forest classes. In forest classes with greater species abundance, the coefficient of variation of the functional traits did not differ along the forest degradation gradient. Here we also tested the relationship between the mean density of wood and the coefficient of variation of the functional traits of tree plants, it was observed that with the increase of the average density of the wood the variability of the functional traits reduced. These results demonstrate that plants have low plasticity and may not survive if forest degradation intensifies, leading to a change in floristic composition and loss of species with unique functions for the functioning of ecosystems.