Dissertações em Zoologia (Mestrado) - PPGZOOL/ICB

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2344

O Mestrado Acadêmico foi criado em 1985 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

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Análise morfométrica em cinco espécies do gênero Mabuya Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata : Scincidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002) PINTO, Gabriel Silva; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The present study has as its main objective to analyse the ontogenetic variation of body shape in the South American skinks Mabuya agi/is Boulenger, 1887; M. bistriata (Spix, 1825); M. guaporicola Dunn, 1936; M. rnacrorhyncha Hoge, 1946 and M. nigropunctata (Spix, 1825). Interspecific differences of body proportions as a possible result of allometric growth in these species are also examined. PCA analysis was used for estimate the both ontogenetic trends and allometric growth. Ontogenetic trend lines were significantly different between M. guaporicola and the others species, and between M. bistriata and M. nigropunctata. Ali of the other pairs showed significantly different Y intercept between each other. Analysis of the allometric coefficients indicates that relative reduction of limbs associated with body elongation in Mabuya guaporicola are due to the reduction of its hands, feet and specially digits; M. rnacrorhyncha presents a high and stout pectoral girdle and its hands show an accentuated reduction; in M. bistriata, its arms are relatively short and its thigh and tibia elongate. M. nigropunctata is the species which the least modified body shape during ontogeny. The association of these results with data on habitats utilized by each species (obtained from the literature) indicates that some morphological specializations found in each species could be explained as functional adaptations to their habitats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de cinco métodos de captura de lagartos em diferentes ambientes na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, Marco Antônio; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espacial de anuros e lagartos ao longo de gradientes ambientais em uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia oriental, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-08-18) GOMES, Jerriane Oliveira; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
This study aims to investigate the relationship between anuran and lizard communities, as well as of some individual species, with leaf litter depth, total basal area of trees, understorey vegetation density, and canopy cover. Sampling occurred between August and November 2007, in a 25 km² grid implanted by the ‘Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade’ (Biodiversity Research Program - PPBIO) / Amazônia, located in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil. Two sampling methods were used: active search and pitfall traps with drift fences. A total of 892 lizard and anuran individuals, of 27 species (15 anuran and 12 lizard species), were recorded. Twelve anuran species (101 individuals) and 12 lizard species (171 individuals) were registered through active search, whereas 11 anuran species (327 individuals) and 15 lizard species (293 individuals) were captured by pitfall traps. No significant relationship was found between distribution of anuran and lizard communities with environmental predictors, indicating that these species occur throughout all studied environmental gradients. Only the lizards Coleodactylus amazonicus and Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis were significantly associated with understorey vegetation density and leaf litter depth, respectively. This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of the research design for the herpetofauna within PPBIO.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogenia molecular e taxonomia do grupo Anolis chrysolepis Duméril & Bibron, 1837 (Squamata, Polychrotidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) D’ANGIOLELLA, Annelise Batista; GAMBLE, Tony; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The Amazon forest is the largest continumm tropical forest around the world and several mecanisms have been proposed to explain its high biological diversity. The Refuge Hypothesis is one of the most debated explanations used and is based on the contraction of forested areas during dry periods, restricting populations to forest refugia. Forests expand during wet periods and these climatic and vegetational oscillations during the Pleistocene would be responsible for speciation and distribution patterns seen in Amazonian species. However, recent molecular phylogenetic studies confront this notion by indicating that most divergences among tropical forest vertebrate species predate the Pleistocene period. The Anolis chrysolepis clade, along with Anolis bombiceps, was previously studied and cited as a classic example of Pleistocene speciation, but recent studies showed substantial molecular divergence in the complex indicating that further studies about the subspecies relationships will demonstrate they are distinct species. We used the mithocondrial gene (ND2) to estimate phylogenetic relationships among the Anolis chrysolepis subspecies and the taxa previously hypothetized as related to them. In addition, their morphology and taxonomy status were revisited in order to confirm the congruence among the molecular and morphological datasets, determining if morphologically defined taxa are valid species. Based on both datasets, we elevate the five subspecies of Anolis chrysolepis to species status, diagnosticating each one of them with comments about the main morphological differences between the sister taxon and providing new distribution data.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogeografia do lagarto Kentropyx calcarata Spix 1825 (Reptilia:Teiidae) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-02) CRONEMBERGER, Aurea Aguiar; WERNECK, Fernanda de Pinho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0507204139787803; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogeografia em lagartos no baixo Tocantins, Ilha do Marajó e Sul do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SOUZA, Ana Carla Barros de; GONÇALVES, Evonnildo Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8652560763793265; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Filogeographical studies have helped to clarify the spatial and temporal context of the diversification of organisms from Amazonian, which can be directly compared with specific geological scenarios. This study aims to contribute with the reconstitution of the recent history of low Tocantins/Marajó Island from a philogeographical analysis of Gonatodes humeralis and Kentropyx calcarata. The questions to be answered are whether there is a distinction among the population of the southern Amapá, Marajó Island, and each side of the Tocantins river, and how these populations interrelate one each other. In addition, this work also aims to assess the usefulness of the gene cytochrome oxidase I as a marker for studies of lizard populations. Data from 49 specimens of G. humeralis and 32 of K. calcarata from 14 localities in southern Amapá, low Tocantins, Marajó Island, and of an external population of the focal area of study, in the city of Itaituba, Pará, were analyzed. The molecular studies were based on mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. The levels of genetic variability were calculated: diversity of nucleotides (π) and diversity of haplotypes (h), the genetic differentiation through the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and the estimates of Fst for pairs of populations and distribution of the differences between pairs of sequences. It was used a statistical test to detect possible R2 events of recent demographic expansion. The phylogenetic relations between populations were evaluated by the construction of non-rooted trees using the methods of maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (MV). The results show that although the COI has been rarely used for this purpose, the observed variation in sequences of populations of G. humeralis and K. calcarata indicates that it is a useful marker for Phylogeographic analysis. The five populations of both species studied here, are genetically structured. This indicates a low or, more probably, inexistent gene flow among them. The observed Phylogeographic relations, although more certainly to G. humeralis than K. calcarata, indicates that significant changes have occurred in relatively recent times in the drainage system in the low Tocantins river and Marajo island. This is due strong indications, obtained in this study, that in recent past there was more movement, active or passive, of the species between regions of Marajo and west of the Tocantins river that would have been the most directly affected by these changes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A morfologia de Stenocercus dumerilii Steindachner (1867) (Squamata, Iguanidae) e suas implicações filogenéticas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-18) HERNÁNDEZ RUZ, Emil José; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The objetive of this study was to include the lizard Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867) in the phylogenetic context of Tropidurinae*. Scale morphology, cranial anatomy, scapular girdle, abdominal skeleton, and hemipenis are described. Emphasis is given to characters used in phylogenetic studies including the genus Stenocercus. Sixty-five preserved specimens, two cleared and stained specimens, and two distended hemipenis have been examined. The characteristics studied agree with the generic placement of the species, considering its present definition. On the other hand, the species is unique within the genus Stenocercus by having only one pair of xiphisternal ribs, a depressed tail, postsupraciliar scales projected in the form of a horn (together with S. tricristatus), and enlarged parietal, postparietal and occipital scales forming a longitudinal sequence. Contrary to what has been generally considered, this species does not agree with the characteristics o f the informal "Ophryoessoides group". The main characteristics of S. dumerilii that exclude it from this species group are the arrangement of supraoculars and posterior head scales, and the distance between the pairs of post-xiphisternal ribs. It is concluded that S. dumerilii fits well within Tropidurinae* and the genus Stenocercus, but it is not part of the "Ophryoessoides group".
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão dos lagarto Cercosaura do grupo Argulus (Reptilia : Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) ABRANTES, Stephenson Hallison Formiga; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Taxonomy of the lizard genus Cercosaura Wagler, 1830, Gymnophthalmidae, has recently changed to incorporate the former genera Pantodactylus and Prionodactylus. As currently recognized the genus contains 11 species. However, divergences in the literature indicate that the name Cercosaura argulus may encompass a group of species. The present study investigates the Cercosaura with divided frontonasal, here called “argulus group”, that includes the nominal species Cercosaura argulus Peters, 1863 and Prionodactylus oshaughnessyi Boulenger, 1885. A total of 151 specimens of 41 localities were studied on basis of five morphometric and 22 meristic characters. Specimens were divided into three groups, according to characters previously considered diagnostic of the two nominal species, further dividing ‘C. oshaughnessyi’ into a western and a Guianan group. A Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) was used to compare these three groups. Previously, Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were performed to (1) eliminate the influence of size in the comparisons (residuals of morphometric data with the first axis of a PCA were calculated and used in all subsequent statistical analyses); and (2) to select a smaller number of meristic variables to be used in the DFA. Results indicate that C. argulus and C. oshaughnessyi differ mainly by the presence of preanal pores, body length, and number of scales around midbody. Cercosaura oshaughnessyi is considered a valid species, restricted to western Amazonia, while a third, undescribed species of Cercosaura with divided frontonasal occurs in French Guiana and Amapá (Brazil).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão taxonômica do complexo Gonatodes concinnatus (Reptilia: Sphaerodactylidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-06) STURARO, Marcelo José; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The Gonatodes concinnatus complex, as established here, consists of Gonatodes species characterized by a white suprahumeral spot with black margins; vermiculations on back; and transversely enlarged scales under the tail, showing the sequence 1’1’1”, and in some cases 1’1’2” (on the anterior portion). Two species are presently recognized in this Amazonian group, G. concinnatus and G. tapajonicus. New material found in eastern Amazonia (states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil) made it necessary to review species of this complex. We analyzed several populations within this complex, from Peru, Ecuador, Colômbia, and Brazil (but not from Venezuela), including those new records. Specimens were separated in groups defined on basis of color pattern. Stepwise discriminant function analyses were then performed to compare the external morphology (represented by measurements and scale counts, separately) in these groups. Results support recognition of four taxa, corresponding to G. concinnatus, from western Amazonia, in Ecuador and northeastern Peru; G. tapajonicus, from the Tapajós river basin, in Pará, Brazil; and two new species, one from eastern Amazonia, in the states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil, and another from cis-andean central Colombia. Diagnoses and descriptions of all species are presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação geográfica e taxonomia do lagarto Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis Boulenger, 1912 (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-05) DEL PELOSO, Pedro Luiz Vieira; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The genus Ptychoglossus is included in the family Gymnophthalmidae and currently comprises 15 species distributed principally in western Amazonia. Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis, initially thought to have a peripheral distribution in Amazonia, was recorded in recent years in several localities in the interior of the Amazon, indicating a wide distribution within the region. However, little information on the morphological variation along the species range is available. In this report intraand interpopulational variation in the morphology of Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis was studied, including data on sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variation. Ptychoglossus nicefori was included in the study, due to its resemblance to P. brevifrontalis and a history of synonymy between the two species. Geographic variation in some characters was found, without however justifying the recognition of additional taxa. The validity of P. nicefori is questionable but additional studies are needed before changes to the taxonomy of the group are proposed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação geográfica em Kentropyx calcarata spix, 1825 (Reptilia: Teiidae) e revalidação de Kentropyx vittata (Schinz, 1822)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) RODRIGUES, Ana Paula Vitória Costa; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Kentropyx calcarata was described by Spix, 1825 and has distribution in the central and eastern Amazon, covering Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil and Bolivia; and in Brazil in mangrove areas on the northeast coast, Serra de Baturité (an altitude brejo in the Caatinga area) and part of the Atlantic Forest. Previous studies with K. calcarata showed possible variations within the species, which need to be better investigated. In this study, samples covering the entire area of occurrence in the Brazilian Amazon were analyzed, including points of sympathy with K. altamazonica, considering that one of the observations regarding the morphological variation raised the hypothesis of being the result of sympatry between the two species, with objective to evaluate the possible variations within the species. Samples were also analyzed from the Atlantic Forest, where the populations of the central region (south of the São Francisco River) show differences in the staining pattern. All specimens from both the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest were analyzed for external morphology, hemipenian and staining pattern. The specimens to the south of the São Francisco River were considered as a distinct species, due to the fact that they did not correspond to the species K. calcarata, for which the name K. vittata Schinz, 1822 is available, indicating the need for revalidation of the species . In Kentropyx calcarata the populations of the Amazon and to the North of the Atlantic Forest have similar hemipenis and coloring pattern. The presence of variation in the meristic characters was observed, being the geographic distance one of the factors that can contribute with part of this variation. The populations of K. calcarata and K. altamazonica show variations in both meristic and morphometric characters, possibly caused by a number of environmental factors, such as competition for ecological niches, confirming the hypothesis raised in previous studies.

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