Dissertações em Zoologia (Mestrado) - PPGZOOL/ICB

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2344

O Mestrado Acadêmico foi criado em 1985 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).

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Califorídeos (Diptera, Oestroidea) associados a cadáveres suínos em uma área de cerrado na Reserva Ecológica do Inhamum, Caxias, Maranhão, Brasil: subsídios para aplicação em processos forenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-22) SILVA, José Orlando de Almeida; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
The objective of this study was to determine the fauna and the pattern in the temporal distribution of blow flies collected visting or reared from pig carcasses in a cerrado area at the Reserva Ecológica do Inhamum (REI), Caxias, MA. Two experiments were performed, one in the dry season (July and August of 2010) and the another in the rainy season (March and April of 2011). In each experiment three pig carcasses weighing 12 kg each were utilized. The carcasses were placed inside wire metal cages to prevent the access of large scavengers. A suspended trap was placed above each cage to capture adult blow flies that visited the pig carcass. Trays containing sawdust were placed under the cages in order to collect larvae leaving the carcass for pupation. A total of 51,234 specimens was collected. Of these, 25,093 adults were collected in the suspended traps and 26,141 adults were reared from the carcasses. The following species were identified: Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794), Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart, 1843), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775), Hemilucilia benoisti Séguy, 1925, Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805), Hemilucilia townsendi Shannon, 1926, Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1818) and Lucilia sp1. Chrysomya rufifacies and H. townsendi are new records for Brazil. Cochliomyia macellaria and C. idioidea were the most abundant among the adults collected in traps, and C. albiceps and C. rufifacies were most abundant among reared specimens. The species of Hemilucilia were the only ones not reared from the carcasses. The mean time of decomposition of the pig carcasses was 10 days, and there was no difference between carcasses exposed in dry and rainy seasons. In adition, the duration of each decomposition stage did not vary between the two seasons. The duration of the stages was different, and the fermentation stage was the longest. Lucilia eximia, C. idioidea and C. macellaria, collected in the traps, were the pioneers in colonizing the pig carcasses, and they were found in all stages of decomposition. However, only L. eximia showed an association with the Initial stage, according to the IndVal index. The larvae of L. eximia were the first to leave the carcasses for pupation, followed by C. macellaria, C. albiceps and C. rufifacies. According to the IndVal index, the adults of H. townsendi and H. benoisti collected in the traps, were the only species that showed an association with only one stage, the Bloated stage. Chrysomya rufifacies and C. megacephala showed an association with the Black Putrefaction and Fermentation stages. The other species showed an association with four stages. With respect to species reared from carcasses, L. eximia and C. macellaria were the only ones that showed an association with the Bloat stage, and C. rufifacies and C. albiceps were the only species that had an association with the Dry Decay stage. The abundance values of L. eximia, C. idioidea, C. macellaria, C. albiceps, and C. rufifacies, collected in the traps, were different between the stages of decomposition, and the Black Putrefaction was the more attractive to these species. The abundance values of C. albiceps, C. rufifacies, and L. eximia, reared from the carcasses, were different between the stages, and the Dry Decay and Black Putrefaction stages showed the higher abundance of Chrysomya species and L. eximia, respectively. The species of L. eximia and C. idioidea, collected in the traps, and reared specimens of C. rufifacies were more abundant in the rainy season. With respect to the specimens collected in the traps, the ordination analyses showed that the community of blow flies has higher similarity between the Black Putrefaction, Fermentation and Dry Decay stages, due to higher richness and abundance values. However, with respect to the reared species, the community of the Fermentation and Dry Decay stages were the most similar. These results contribute to understanding the successional process of visitors adults and reared larvae of blow flies during the decomposition of pig carcasses in a cerrado area of the state of Maranhão.
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Descrição e comparação morfológica da terminália feminina das espécies de Agromyzidae (Diptera: Opomyzoidea)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-10) MONTEIRO, Nilton Juvencio Santiago; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
Agromyzidae is a family of phytophagous flies with great morphological similarity. The male terminalia is the main structure that helps in the identification of the species. However, the female terminalia has been largely neglected by most of the works until now. In this study, the female terminalia of 27 species in 9 genera of Agromyzidae (Japanagromyza Sasakawa, Melanagromyza Hendel, Calycomyza Hendel, Galiomyza Spencer, Liriomyza Mik, Nemorimyza Frey, Phytoliriomyza Hendel, Phytomyza Fallén, Pseudonapomyza Hendel) have been described which were deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) and in the Entomological Collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG). Female abdomens were cleared in 10% KOH, dissected and the female terminalia were drawn using a microscope with camera lucida. The shape of the ninth abdominal segment, the spermathecae and the number of marginal cerdae were important characteristics to identify each species. The shape and length of the egg guides were useful to identify both subfamilies of Agromyzidae (Agromyzinae and Phytomyzinae). Some considerations about similar characteristics have been based in hypothesis for the phylogenetic relationship among genera of the family Agromyzidae. It is expected that the results of this study will be useful for the identification of female specimens from now on.
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Descrição e notas taxonômicas comparativas das terminálias femininas de espécies de Peckia robineaudesvoidy, 1830 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) da Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-03) CAMARGO, Sofia Lins Leal Xavier de; CARVALHO FILHO, Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7987049452090800; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
Description and comparative morphological notes of female terminalia of species of Peckia Robienau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) from the Brazilian Amazon. In order to contribute and allow specific identification of female of the genus Peckia, the terminalia of 15 species that occurs in Brasilian Amazon are described, illustrated and an identification key to females is given. Besides gena color and the presence of setulae in gena and calypter, the shape of spermathecae and tergite 6 can also be used in the subgenus determination. The sternites 6, 7 and 8, the position of spiracle 6 and the microtrichosity of tergite 6 reveled important to specific identification. The tergite 8 is present only in the species Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans (Walker, 1861). The shape of vaginal plate, a structure present only in four species of subgenus Peckia, differs in shape and can be used to characterize these species. Therefore, a combined analysis of these features of female terminalia is necessary in the species determinationof the females of Peckia. Peckia (Peckia) hilifera (Aldrich, 1916) is recorded for the first time from Brazil.
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Ecologia da polinização de taperebá (Spondias mombin L., Anacardiaceae) em área de floresta secundária no município de Santo Antônio do Tauá, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) RAMOS, Marina da Costa; VENTURIERI, Giorgio Cristino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7180149611727426; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
The objective of this study was to characterize the pollination system of Spondias mombin L., through its phenology, floral biology, reproductive system and floral visitors. Spondias mombin blossomed during the dry station and produced mature fruits in the rainy station. It is an andromonoic species, that produces hermaphrodites and masculine flowers similars numbers and pollen viability. The analysis of pollen/ovule ratio showed that this species fits in the xenogamic reproductive system, and it needs the cross-pollination realized by insects. Spondias mombin was visited by a variety of small and generalistic insects as bees, flies, wasps and beetles. The bees Apis mellifera Linneu, 1758, Tetragona goettei (Friese, 1900) and Trigona hyalinata (Lepeletier, 1836) showed higher frequency and, their behavior to touch the reproductive parts of the flowers, suggest that they are the main pollinators of this plant species. In addition, the analysis of the collected pollen by the main pollinators demonstrated the fidelity of them to the taperebá and the great power of recruitment of this species.
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Entomofauna decompositora de carcaças de porcos na região de Belém, Pará, Brasil, com ênfase na família Calliphoridae (Diptera)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-12-22) ANJOS, Claudinéia Ramos dos; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
This present Work aim to study the development of the entomological succession on pigs carcass and the effect of de carcass size on this succession observing what species are the importance forensic potential to the Amazon region, whit emphasis on the species of Calliphoridae family (Diptera). Four dead pigs were exposed in a urban area in Belém and was realized everyday collects of the adults and larvaes insects. The maggots were created until the emergency of adults, with the object to verify what species utilize the carcass as a oviposition substract. Informations of the ovarian development of the calliforids females showed the kind of utilization of the carcass (food and/or oviposition). A total of 195.940 arthropods were collected on the carcass, whom the more abundants were the Diptera (98,20%) and Coleoptera (1,23%) orders. From 192.416 files collecteds, the more abundants families were Calliphoridae (10,96%), Muscidae (17,91%) and Sarcophagidae (10,79%). A entomological succession were verified the pattern that occur in the carcass of the metropolitan region in Belém of Pará, for which the Calliphoridae family is the first to arrive, is followed for sarcophagids, muscids and stratyomiids; after that, the Phorid family is the more frequently observed. At last the coleopteran were detected at the end days decomposition. A carcass size was a influential factor on the collected decomposers insects abundance, but isn't influential on the density of the created insects, neither at the entomological succession, diversity, composition or at the taxons richness of the collected and created insects. The stage of the decomposition observed was adjusted to the Bornemissza classification (1957), in this manner achieve the characterization of the decomposition stage to the Belém of Pará region. The decomposition process this research occurred more rapidly rather than the related in others regions. The exotic species of Chrysomya are predominating on the Diptera fauna and occasioning an exclusion of natiye species carrion colonist. The stages classificated as Putrefaction and Dark putrefaction were the more atractives to the calliforids species. The ovarian development analysis indicated that most of calliforids females preferred little carcass to realize oviposition. Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation we concluded that the species that can contribute to forensic entomological studies are Chrysomya aMiceps, Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria, Lucilia exímia and Hemilucilia segmentaria.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A fauna de califorídeos e sarcofagídeos (Insecta, Diptera) das matas e clareiras com diferentes coberturas vegetais da base de extração petrolífera, Bacia do Rio Urucu, Coari, Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-07-21) SOUSA, José Roberto Pereira de; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
This research was done at the oil extraction field of Urucu River in Coari, Amazonas, during the months of April, June and October of 2007, in 16 areas, 12 of them forest clearings and four forests, arranged in four environments (C1,C2,C3 and MT) according to type of forest cover. The objective was to study the composition, abundance, wealth, and diversity of Calliphoridae e Sarcophagidae (Insecta, Diptera) and also assess the possibility of these taxons to be used as parameters for evaluation of the condition of vegetal recuperation in clearing areas. The number of calliphorid collected were 7.215 (three subfamilies, eight genera and 16 species), being Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy,1830) (88,06%) and Paralucilia adespota Dear,1985 (4,35%) the most abundant species. The patterns of calliphorid abundance did not differ among the environments, however the e distinctive in relation to the estimated richness and diversity, forming two groups (C1-C2) and (C3-MT). The ordination analysis (non-metric multidimensional scaling) showed that the environment differed among themselves, as well as a greater similarity between C1-C2 and C3-MT, in relation to the structure of calliphorid communities. From the Sarcophagidae family 3.547 species were collected, distributed in 10 genera, six subgenera and 23 species , being Sarcodexia lambens (Wiedemann,1830) (47,05%) and Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma (Wiedemann,1830) (19,11%), the most abundant species. The patterns of abundance, estimated richness and diversity for this family differed among environments and separated them into two groups, one from the clearings (C1,C2 and C3) and the other from the forest (MT). The ordination analysis (non-metric multidimensional scaling) showed a separation between sarcophagid fauna from clearings and those from the forests. The canopy cover influenced the pattern of abundance of Eumesembrinella randa Sarcophagidae family, only the abundance of Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans species (Walker,1861) was greater on environments with higher rates of forest canopy. The abundance of Oxysarcodexia amorosa (Schiner,1868), O. fringidea (Curran & Walley,1934), O. thornax (Walker,1849), P. (P.) chrysostoma and S. lambens species presented a negative linear relation with the forest canopy. These results indicate the possibility for use of these patterns as parameters to assess change in the vegetation structure.
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Revisão taxonômica das espécies brasileiras do gênero Argoravinia (Diptera : Sarcophagidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06-25) CARVALHO FILHO, Fernando da Silva; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
Sarcophagidae is a family with about 2,600 described species worldwide, with about 800 species in Neotropical region. Argoravinia Townsend, 1917 is a genus of Sarcophagidae (Diptera, Oestroidea) belonging to Sarcophaginae subfamily with Neotropical and Nearctic species, with exception of two species that were introduced in Marshal Island (Australasian/Oceanic region). The genus comprises small to large flies (4 - 9,5 mm), with R1 setulose in basal half and, one or more setae on underside of stem of vein R2+3, ejaculatory apodema large, phallus with very long median stylus, lateral stylus base free. The genus Argoravinia comprised two species until that the genus Raviniopsis Townsend, 1918, with four species, was considered synonym of Argoravinia in the Sarcophagidae catalogue, thus the genus comprises nowadays six species currently described: A. alvarengai Lopes, 1976; A. aurea (Townsend, 1918); A. brasiliana Lopes, 1976; A. candida (Curran, 1928); A. rufiventris (Wiedemann, 1830) and A. timbarensis (Lopes, 1988); however, only fours species were recorded from Brazil. In the present study, the Brazilian Argoravinia species are revised and redescribed: A. alvarengai, A. aurea, A. brasiliana e A. rufiventris. Two new are described from state of Pará: A. catiae sp. nov. and A. paraensis sp. nov. A. alvarengai is recorded for the first time from state of Pará and A. rufiventris is a new record from states of Bahia e Maranhão. An identification key for males and females specimens, illustrations of male and female terminalia, Scanning electron microscopy images, as well as distributional maps are provided.
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Revisão taxonômica dos gorgulhos do gênero Bondariella Hustache & Bondar, 1942 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae), com notas sobre sua associação com palmeiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) CORDEIRO JUNIOR, Mariano Brandão; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9638288458835324; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
The genus Bondariella Hustache & Bondar, 1942 was reviewed in this work with update of the names of structures and inclusion of taxonomic characters, such as the male terminalia, ventrites e tergites. Two new species are added to the genus. Are provided in the work redescriptions of known species, descriptions of new species, illustrations of the lectotype and paralectotypes, antennas, ventrites, tergites and male terminalia. Also are included details of host plants, showing association of species of Bondariella with species of palms of the genus Syagrus Mart. and Euterpe Mart.
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Sarcophaginae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) da Amazônia Brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08) SOUZA, Matheus Tavares de; CARVALHO FILHO, Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7987049452090800; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-5338
The family Sarcophagidae (Diptera) has a cosmopolitan distribution, comprising 3.000 describeds species in 355 genera. Sarcophaginae is the most abundant and diverse subfamily in the new world. There are few studies about the family from Neotropical region, especially from Brazilian Amazon region, where there are few taxonomists. Therefore, this study enlarge the knowledge on the fauna of Sarcophaginae from the Brazilian Amazon, through descriptions and redescriptions of species and confection of dichotomous key to species of this region. This work was based on bibliographic survey and specimens from Brazilian Amazon housed in four entomological collections of Brazil. Morphological analysis, measurements and drawings of male species was presented. 132 species and 31 genera of Sarcophaginae from Brazilian Amazon have been found. Was made a description of a two new specie of the genus Dexosarcophaga and one Rettenmeyerina . A redescription of the monotypic genus Promayoa Dodge, 1966, was made with new illustrates. A keys to males are also provided, except for the species of the genus Lepidodexia , because the large number of undescribed Neotropical species of this genus would make any effort premature pending a complete revision of the fauna.

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