Teses em Ciências Ambientais (Doutorado) - PPGCA/IG
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9341
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Navegando Teses em Ciências Ambientais (Doutorado) - PPGCA/IG por Orientadores "COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Clima urbano de Belém, Pará: percepção climática, climatologia e modelagem atmosférica.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-01-29) OLIVEIRA, Juarez Ventura de; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9893-9777; COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0293299378753887; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2048-8915The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of urbanization on Belém’s climate and how part of its population perceives climate change. Belém’s climate and the urban – atmospheric interaction were studied with meteorological station data and with simulations of three different soil cover scenarios (urbanization in 2017, 1986 and a scenario where all urbanization was replaced by forest) for the Belém’s Metropolitan Region (considered as the main urban areas of Belém, Ananindeua and Marituba) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The perception analysis was made via a questionnaire applied in four places with different socio and environmental characteristics. These places were select from the Socio – Environmental Typology Map that was developed using 2010 Census data and satellite image. From the four sites, two of them represent well vegetated and verticalized region, with medium/high income population and low demographic density (typology Type III). The other two places represent areas with sparse vegetation, with low houses, low income population and high demographic density (Type I). The results showed that, regardless of the typology, the questionnaire participants noticed changes in the climate of Belém. According to them, due to the development of local urbanization, Belém is warmer and with higher precipitation variability. The Belém weather station corroborated this perception, but stations in nearby municipalities have also warmed in recent years, making it difficult to link this change with urbanization. However, there is a greater accumulation of precipitation in Belém, which was not observed on the other stations data, and from the WRF results it was observed that the current characteristics of the RMB (Belém Metropolitan Region) can intensify the development of local convective systems, causing stronger storms and consequently higher accumulation of precipitation due to increased vertical wind shear and available energy for convection. Although the participants have perceived these changes and have been impacted by them (different for each typology, but mainly health and financial issues), most of them do not know how to adapt their life to this new climate scenario or adapts inefficiently to it due to a lack of knowledge, time and/or financial resources. However, when it comes to Belém itself, the interviewees were able to suggest adaptation strategies that can have a significant impact on the local climate and even minimize the effects of urbanization on the atmosphere.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Influência da queima de biomassa nos transportes de gases e chuva na Amazônia Central(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-14) D' OLIVEIRA, Flávio Augusto Farias; Dias Júnior, Cleo Quaresma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857237626091379; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-4689; SPRACKLEN, Dominick Vincent; COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0293299378753887; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2048-8915The objective of this thesis is to investigate how the mesoscale convective systems and fluvial breeze circulation act in the central Amazon region in a scenario of pollution caused by biomass burning in the dry period of 2014. This investigation was carried out through numerical modeling with the Weather Research and Forecast coupled with Atmosphere Chemistry (WRF-Chem). It was investigated, through a case study of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred in the central Amazon region on August 16th, 2014, how pollution from biomass burning can alter this MCS. For this, simulations with two scenarios was taken, one considering biomass burning (bb_on) and another without biomass burning (bb_off). The results showed that the bb_on scenario had important consequences on the formation of convective clouds and their downdrafts, being observed with less developed clouds and lower precipitation rates than for the bb_off simulation. It was also observed that the weakening of the convective system showed a lower ability to "clean" the environment, that is, to dilute vertically and horizontally the local concentrations of gases such as carbon monoxide. When analyzing the occurrence of the river breeze during the period from August 1st to 5th, 2014, it was found that the breeze occurred for two days in two different places: in an environment with a contrast between the river and the forest, and in an environment with contrast of the river with the urban region of the city of Manaus. The results showed that during the river breeze events, it was observed that the breeze was responsible for trapping gases such as ozone carbon monoxide on the bank where they occurred (east bank of the Negro River) in both regions. The more intense river breeze had its duration longer, in addition to keeping the gases in an area within the continent, when compared to a less intense breeze, it trapped these gases within the river area. Additionally, the region in which the river breeze was responsible for concentrating the largest amount of gases is a predominantly residential region (western portion of the city of Manaus), while the eastern portion (industrial region) was favored by the cleaning of the environment through the trade winds.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Influência da queima de biomassa nos transportes de gases e chuva na Amazônia Central(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-14) D’OLIVEIRA, Flávio Augusto Farias; DIAS JÚNIOR, Cleo Quaresma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857237626091379; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-4689; SPRACKLEN, Dominick Vincent; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-4597; COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0293299378753887; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2048-8915The objective of this thesis is to investigate how the mesoscale convective systems and fluvial breeze circulation act in the central Amazon region in a scenario of pollution caused by biomass burning in the dry period of 2014. This investigation was carried out through numerical modeling with the Weather Research and Forecast coupled with Atmosphere Chemistry (WRF-Chem). It was investigated, through a case study of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred in the central Amazon region on August 16th, 2014, how pollution from biomass burning can alter this MCS. For this, simulations with two scenarios was taken, one considering biomass burning (bb_on) and another without biomass burning (bb_off). The results showed that the bb_on scenario had important consequences on the formation of convective clouds and their downdrafts, being observed with less developed clouds and lower precipitation rates than for the bb_off simulation. It was also observed that the weakening of the convective system showed a lower ability to "clean" the environment, that is, to dilute vertically and horizontally the local concentrations of gases such as carbon monoxide. When analyzing the occurrence of the river breeze during the period from August 1st to 5th, 2014, it was found that the breeze occurred for two days in two different places: in an environment with a contrast between the river and the forest, and in an environment with contrast of the river with the urban region of the city of Manaus. The results showed that during the river breeze events, it was observed that the breeze was responsible for trapping gases such as ozone carbon monoxide on the bank where they occurred (east bank of the Negro River) in both regions. The more intense river breeze had its duration longer, in addition to keeping the gases in an area within the continent, when compared to a less intense breeze, it trapped these gases within the river area. Additionally, the region in which the river breeze was responsible for concentrating the largest amount of gases is a predominantly residential region (western portion of the city of Manaus), while the eastern portion (industrial region) was favored by the cleaning of the environment through the trade winds.