Dissertações em Gestão de Riscos e Desastres Naturais na Amazônia (Mestrado) - PPGGRD/IG
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9944
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aprimoramento normativo do sistema de alertas de desastres naturais no município de Belém.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-10) BRITO, Wagner Lobato; MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8462634544908052The democratic state of Brazilian law has been evolving significantly in the improvement of legislation related to the management of risk minimization and mitigation of natural disasters. However, there is a lack of concrete normative provisions that regulate the municipal institution of an effective and effective system for the transmission of the alerts to the Civil Defense of the municipality of Belém, in order to minimize and even mitigate the risks of natural disasters and thus safeguard the vulnerable population. The need for a more robust and effective legal mechanism becomes clear when the impacts caused by natural disasters in the capital of the state of Pará are analyzed, as well as the communities that are affected and the population that is in imminent danger. The present study has as main objective the proposal of a normative tool of municipal civil defense, for Bethlehem, with the intention of prevention and mitigation of risks to natural disasters. In the region of study, natural disasters such as windstorms, floods and floods are frequent. It is known that the causes for occurrence of these events come from natural phenomena and their events are neither transient nor punctual. The methodological procedures consisted of analyzes of the current legislation related to the subject, at the federal, state and municipal level, as well as important information of the monitoring system of alerts and natural disasters, which served as reference to plan the elucidation of its execution, organization and legal analysis. Also analyzed were the hierarchies of the laws, characterizing the constitutionality of the norms and the legal powers that authorize and delegate the creation of normative instruments that regulate the system of monitoring and alerts of natural disasters. The product of the research is the elaboration of the draft of the proposal of amendment of the municipal Law, more precisely with regard to art. 5, item "F", to make the use of the alert tool made available by the monitoring institutions by the municipal Civil Defense agency dynamic and mandatory.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Inundações em Marabá: avaliação estratégica para declarar situação de emergência.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-04) BENTES, Klebson Loair Lázaro Mansos; MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8462634544908052Natural disaster is a worldwide problem that every year have been increasing frequency and impacts, they are classified in geological, meteorological, climatological, hydrological and biological. The present study worked on the hydrological disaster (flood / flood). The study area chosen was Marabá-PA, due to the high incidence of flooding and the extensive area susceptible to this adverse event. In 21 years, in the period from 1991 to 2012 there were 17 records by Civil Defense. The objective of the research was to evaluate the parameters used to declare the alert situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River. The research developed was bibliographical and documentary; its database was the database of the institutions; river basin of the Tocantins River - National Water Agency; data from the municipality and the population of Marabá - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics; to define the flood surface area - report of the Research Company and Mineral Resources; to estimate the number of buildings in flood risk area - Amazon Protection System. In the period delimited for conducting the research (1972 to 2015) it was possible to verify that in most of these years the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River reached impact footage; the characteristics of the population of Marabá and specifically of the area of risk are of vulnerabilities to the flood impacts. The Product was developed to characterize the potential of disaster intensity to declare a warning situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River and number of buildings affected.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Sistema regional de monitoramento de seca.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-01) PEDROSA, João Paulo da Costa; MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8462634544908052Drought is a natural phenomenon of meteorological origin, due to a precipitation deficit, which is verified every year in different regions of the globe, being therefore a recurring feature of the climate and not a rare occurrence. A drought situation can result in a natural disaster if there is no local resilience as a capacity for managing water resources to minimize their adverse effects. In many regions, as in developing countries, the consequences of droughts reach such a magnitude that they are often classified as catastrophic, causing famine, deaths and population exoduses. Considering this problem, the present study adapted a physical-mathematical model for the local conditions able to monitor drought based on the Palmer Drought Severity Index (ISSP) through changes in latitude, field capacity, water balance of Thornthwaite and the data of the files needed to calculate the index. The model used precipitation and air temperature data from 1987 to 2014. The model also had to be compiled for the C ++ language. We obtained as an answer an index with better reliability by the fact of using data with high resolution and more representative for the Amazon region.